The graph below gives information about U.S. government spending on research between 1980 and 2008
The line graph compares the expenditure of the US authorities on different research categories throughout a 28-year period
Overall, it is apparent that Health was the most priority of the American government, as opposed to General science, on which was always spent the least. In addition, while there was a similar trend of increase in all areas, other ones was the exception
Beginning with more than 8$ billion in 1980, the expenditure on Health surged dramatically to reach its peak at around 22$ billion, despite a decrease of about 5$ billion from 2004 to 2008, this figure was still the highest by far. On the other hand, the spending on General Science was the lowest, from approximately 3$ billion then gradually rose to 5$
Although there were growths witnessed in the US expenditure on Space and Energy, which was roughly 3$ billion and 2.5$ billion increases, respectively, there were many considerable fluctuations seen in the figure for Energy after 1992. Finally, other areas was the only field that decreased after 28 years, which was nearly a 2.5$ billion drop to the same figure with general science in the final year
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| 2023-10-23 | ililmaidatuz | 73 | view |
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| 2023-07-14 | quan12341234 | 11 | view |
| 2023-07-14 | quan12341234 | 11 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 26, Rule ID: CURRENCY[1]
Message: The currency mark is usually put at the beginning of the number: '$8'.
Suggestion: $8
...e exception Beginning with more than 8$ billion in 1980, the expenditure on Hea...
^^
Line 5, column 120, Rule ID: CURRENCY[1]
Message: The currency mark is usually put at the beginning of the number: '$22'.
Suggestion: $22
...ramatically to reach its peak at around 22$ billion, despite a decrease of about 5$...
^^^
Line 5, column 161, Rule ID: CURRENCY[1]
Message: The currency mark is usually put at the beginning of the number: '$5'.
Suggestion: $5
...2$ billion, despite a decrease of about 5$ billion from 2004 to 2008, this figure ...
^^
Line 5, column 319, Rule ID: CURRENCY[1]
Message: The currency mark is usually put at the beginning of the number: '$3'.
Suggestion: $3
...ence was the lowest, from approximately 3$ billion then gradually rose to 5$ Al...
^^
Line 5, column 353, Rule ID: CURRENCY[1]
Message: The currency mark is usually put at the beginning of the number: '$5'.
Suggestion: $5
...ately 3$ billion then gradually rose to 5$ Although there were growths witnesse...
^^
Line 7, column 99, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e on Space and Energy, which was roughly 3$ billion and 2.5$ billion increases, r...
^^
Line 7, column 101, Rule ID: CURRENCY[1]
Message: The currency mark is usually put at the beginning of the number: '$3'.
Suggestion: $3
...on Space and Energy, which was roughly 3$ billion and 2.5$ billion increases, res...
^^
Line 7, column 118, Rule ID: CURRENCY[1]
Message: The currency mark is usually put at the beginning of the number: '$5'.
Suggestion: $5
...gy, which was roughly 3$ billion and 2.5$ billion increases, respectively, there ...
^^
Line 7, column 330, Rule ID: CURRENCY[1]
Message: The currency mark is usually put at the beginning of the number: '$5'.
Suggestion: $5
...ed after 28 years, which was nearly a 2.5$ billion drop to the same figure with ge...
^^
Line 7, column 403, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...e with general science in the final year
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, if, still, then, while, in addition, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 7.0 171% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 1.00243902439 0% => OK
Conjunction : 2.0 6.8 29% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 5.0 3.15609756098 158% => OK
Pronoun: 7.0 5.60731707317 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 33.0 33.7804878049 98% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 3.97073170732 151% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 958.0 965.302439024 99% => OK
No of words: 190.0 196.424390244 97% => OK
Chars per words: 5.04210526316 4.92477711251 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.71268753763 3.73543355544 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.69288587746 2.65546596893 101% => OK
Unique words: 117.0 106.607317073 110% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.615789473684 0.547539520022 112% => OK
syllable_count: 284.4 283.868780488 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.45097560976 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 1.53170731707 131% => OK
Article: 3.0 4.33902439024 69% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.07073170732 280% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 0.482926829268 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 3.36585365854 149% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 4.0 8.94146341463 45% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 47.0 22.4926829268 209% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 75.4420307256 43.030603864 175% => OK
Chars per sentence: 239.5 112.824112599 212% => Less chars_per_sentence wanted.
Words per sentence: 47.5 22.9334400587 207% => Less words per sentence wanted.
Discourse Markers: 15.75 5.23603664747 301% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 3.83414634146 104% => OK
Language errors: 10.0 1.69756097561 589% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 3.70975609756 54% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 1.0 1.13902439024 88% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.09268292683 24% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0626949144502 0.215688989381 29% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0372482987429 0.103423049105 36% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0273361779374 0.0843802449381 32% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0453957293969 0.15604864568 29% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0454086181789 0.0819641961636 55% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 26.1 13.2329268293 197% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 32.23 61.2550243902 53% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 11.2 6.51609756098 172% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 20.4 10.3012195122 198% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.84 11.4140731707 112% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.62 8.06136585366 119% => OK
difficult_words: 44.0 40.7170731707 108% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 28.5 11.4329268293 249% => Linsear_write_formula is high.
gunning_fog: 20.8 10.9970731707 189% => OK
text_standard: 21.0 11.0658536585 190% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 78.6516853933 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 7.0 Out of 9
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.