In the 1950s Torreya taxifolia, a type of evergreen tree once very common in the state of Florida, started to die out. No one is sure exactly what caused the decline, but chances are good that if nothing is done, Torreya will soon become extinct. Experts are considering three ways to address the decline of Torreya.
The first option is to reestablish Torreya in the same location in which it thrived for thousands of years. Torreya used to be found in abundance in the northern part of Florida, which has a specific microclimate. A microclimate exists when weather conditions inside a relatively small area differ from the region of which that area is a part. Northern Florida's microclimate is very favorable to Torreya's growth. This microclimate is wetter and cooler than the surrounding region's relatively dry, warm climate. Scientists have been working to plant Torreya seeds in the coolest, dampest areas of the microclimate.
The second option is to move Torreya to an entirely different location, far from its Florida microclimate. Torreya seeds and saplings have been successfully planted and grown in forests further north, where the temperature is significantly cooler. Some scientists believe that Torreya probably thrived in areas much further north in the distant past, so by relocating it now, in a process known as assisted migration, humans would simply be helping Torreya return to an environment that is more suited to its survival.
The third option is to preserve Torreya in research centers. Seeds and saplings can be moved from the wild and preserved in a closely monitored environment where it will be easier for scientists both to protect the species and to conduct research on Torreya. This research can then be used to ensure the continued survival of the species.
In the lecture, the professor casts doubt on three methods provided in the reading passage to protect the torreya taxifoha trees. The professor asserts that none of them provide the satisfactory solution.
Firstly, contrary to the belief in the reading passage that reestablishing in the same location in the northern part of Florida, where torreya has thrived for thousands of years could assure the species stay in the familiar microclimate, which is wetter and cooler than surrounding area. The professor asserts that climate changing, especially the global warming, has altered the local microclimate to become dryer(drainage of wetland) and no longer suitable for torreya to grow.
Second, in the reading, it is said that it is helpful to move torreya to a totally different place where the temperature is cooler. On the contrary, the professor asserts this way might cause negative damage to local ecology. In order to bolster her argument, the professor gives an example that once a kind of plant was moved north to a new environment and the plants spread so rapidly that they skilled a lot of other plants which had already been in danger.
Finally, the reading passage claims that torreya can be preserved in research centers, whereas the professor contends that this way cannot ensure the continued survival of torreya in the long term. this is because in order to enable torreya to resist diseases, the population need to be large and be genetically diverse. However, the research centers do not have the capacity to keep such large population of torreya.
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- Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons.First, th 71
- frog 70
- astro 3
- teachers 66
- In the 1950s Torreya taxifolia, a type of evergreen tree once very common in the state of Florida, started to die out. No one is sure exactly what caused the decline, but chances are good that if nothing is done, Torreya will soon become extinct. Experts 3
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 13, column 199, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...d survival of torreya in the long term. this is because in order to enable torreya t...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, firstly, however, if, second, so, whereas, kind of, on the contrary
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 16.0 22.412803532 71% => OK
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1332.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 257.0 270.72406181 95% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.18287937743 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.00390054096 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.6891072823 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 149.0 145.348785872 103% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.579766536965 0.540411800872 107% => OK
syllable_count: 406.8 419.366225166 97% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 25.0 21.2450331126 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 65.4305738932 49.2860985944 133% => OK
Chars per sentence: 133.2 110.228320801 121% => OK
Words per sentence: 25.7 21.698381199 118% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.3 7.06452816374 117% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.118905957391 0.272083759551 44% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.046719766808 0.0996497079465 47% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0253474405194 0.0662205650399 38% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0670726169648 0.162205337803 41% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0250350044852 0.0443174109184 56% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.8 13.3589403974 118% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 46.1 53.8541721854 86% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.0 11.0289183223 118% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.06 12.2367328918 107% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.3 8.42419426049 110% => OK
difficult_words: 72.0 63.6247240618 113% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.0 10.498013245 114% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 86.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 26.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.