Toward the end of his life, the Chevalier de Seingalt (1725-1798) wrote a long memoir recounting his life and adventures. The Chevalier was a somewhat controversial figure, but since he met many famous people, including kings and writers, his memoir has become a valuable historical source about European society in the eighteenth century. However, some critics have raised doubts about the accuracy of the memoir. They claim that the Chevalier distorted or invented many events in the memoir to make his life seem more exciting and glamorous than it really was.
For example, in his memoir the Chevalier claims that while living in Switzerland, he was very wealthy, and it is known that he spent a great deal of money there on parties and gambling. However, evidence has recently surfaced that the Chevalier borrowed considerable sums of money from a Swiss merchant. Critics thus argue that if the Chevalier had really been very rich, he would not have needed to borrow money.
Critics are also skeptical about the accuracy of the conversations that the Chevalier records in the memoir between himself and the famous writer Voltaire. No one doubts that the Chevalier and Voltaire met and conversed. However, critics complain that the memoir cannot possibly capture these conversations accurately, because it was written many years after the conversations occurred. Critics point out that it is impossible to remember exact phrases from extended conversations held many years earlier.
Critics have also questioned the memoir’s account of the Chevalier’s escape from a notorious prison in Venice, Italy. He claims to have escaped the Venetian prison by using a piece of metal to make a hole in the ceiling and climbing through the roof. Critics claim that while such a daring escape makes for enjoyable reading, it is more likely that the Chevaliers jailers were bribed to free him. They point out that the Chevalier had a number of politically well-connected friends in Venice who could have offered a bribe
In this set of materials, the author postulates that critics raised questions about the memoir written by Chevalier and gives three examples to prove his point. On the other hand, the professor in the listening opposed every point made by the author.
First and foremost, the writer says as Chevalier claimed in his memoir that he is a wealthy person when he was in Switzerland but there are some pieces of evidence that prove he took loans at that time. In contrast, the professor says the chevalier had property in his name in Switzerland, and as it takes time to convert the property into money he sometimes took loans from merchants.
Next, the professor in the lecture points out that the Chevalier used to write every night about the conversation between him and Voltaire for many years. People around him are telling when he wrote the memoir he consulted from his notes and journals. These claims refute the authors' implication that no one can remember the exact conversation after so many years so the conversation he wrote in memoir is unreliable.
Ultimately, the article wraps its arguments by declaring that the Chevalier escaped from the prison by offering a bribe to someone in jail. However, the professor denied this point by giving the reference of evidence provided by the jail authorities which indicates there was an old document in which the authorities mentioned the repairing of the wall in Chevalier's cell right after his escape which indicates he never bribe someone and he escaped from jail by damaging the wall with metal and climbing through the roof.
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 276, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...s and journals. These claims refute the authors implication that no one can remember th...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 420, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[3]
Message: The pronoun 'he' must be used with a third-person verb: 'bribes'.
Suggestion: bribes
...ter his escape which indicates he never bribe someone and he escaped from jail by dam...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, so, in contrast, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 6.0 10.4613686534 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 22.412803532 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1316.0 1373.03311258 96% => OK
No of words: 267.0 270.72406181 99% => OK
Chars per words: 4.92883895131 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.04229324003 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59259907191 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 146.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.546816479401 0.540411800872 101% => OK
syllable_count: 411.3 419.366225166 98% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 29.0 21.2450331126 137% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 80.9029291844 49.2860985944 164% => OK
Chars per sentence: 146.222222222 110.228320801 133% => OK
Words per sentence: 29.6666666667 21.698381199 137% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.11111111111 7.06452816374 87% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.238843714816 0.272083759551 88% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.104991985771 0.0996497079465 105% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.06971029008 0.0662205650399 105% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.144715915943 0.162205337803 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.047640005466 0.0443174109184 107% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.6 13.3589403974 124% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 50.5 53.8541721854 94% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.4 11.0289183223 121% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.91 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.45 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 13.6 10.498013245 130% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 276, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...s and journals. These claims refute the authors implication that no one can remember th...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 420, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[3]
Message: The pronoun 'he' must be used with a third-person verb: 'bribes'.
Suggestion: bribes
...ter his escape which indicates he never bribe someone and he escaped from jail by dam...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, so, in contrast, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 6.0 10.4613686534 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 22.412803532 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1316.0 1373.03311258 96% => OK
No of words: 267.0 270.72406181 99% => OK
Chars per words: 4.92883895131 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.04229324003 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59259907191 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 146.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.546816479401 0.540411800872 101% => OK
syllable_count: 411.3 419.366225166 98% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 29.0 21.2450331126 137% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 80.9029291844 49.2860985944 164% => OK
Chars per sentence: 146.222222222 110.228320801 133% => OK
Words per sentence: 29.6666666667 21.698381199 137% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.11111111111 7.06452816374 87% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.238843714816 0.272083759551 88% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.104991985771 0.0996497079465 105% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.06971029008 0.0662205650399 105% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.144715915943 0.162205337803 89% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.047640005466 0.0443174109184 107% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.6 13.3589403974 124% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 50.5 53.8541721854 94% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.4 11.0289183223 121% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.91 12.2367328918 97% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.45 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 57.0 63.6247240618 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 13.6 10.498013245 130% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.