Both the reading material and the listening concentrate on what caused the Little Ice Age. Though the author offers several possible theories, in the professor’s opinion, all of these are out of date thus they cannot account for the Little Ice Age.
To begin with, the passage asserts the disruption of the Gulf Stream caused the Little Ice Age, however, the professor opposes it for this disruption could just effect Europe and North America. In fact, it also affects other areas such as South Africa and New Zeeland which cannot be explained by this theory.
Then, according to the author, clouds sent by volcanic eruptions could decrease the temperatures to cause the Little Ice Age. On the contrary, the speaker points out a different view that the dusts are, in fact not enough. Because we have not found any report about visual effects which could be seen if the dusts are large enough, it is a reasonable theory to account for the Little Ice Age.
Moreover, the author believes that due to the decline of human populations, the growth of forests made the earth cooler. In fact, it didn’t last enough time to work, as the speaker says, soon the populations began to grow and more trees were cut down for agriculture causing it is not possible to cool the earth.
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, however, if, moreover, so, then, thus, in fact, such as, on the contrary, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 4.0 7.30242825607 55% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 4.0 12.0772626932 33% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 12.0 22.412803532 54% => OK
Preposition: 25.0 30.3222958057 82% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1068.0 1373.03311258 78% => OK
No of words: 221.0 270.72406181 82% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.83257918552 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.85565412703 4.04702891845 95% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.45800085162 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 137.0 145.348785872 94% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.619909502262 0.540411800872 115% => OK
syllable_count: 327.6 419.366225166 78% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 1.25165562914 240% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 7.0 2.5761589404 272% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 37.9356179746 49.2860985944 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.666666667 110.228320801 108% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.5555555556 21.698381199 113% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.3333333333 7.06452816374 146% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.418933417057 0.272083759551 154% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.164185874133 0.0996497079465 165% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.101381396755 0.0662205650399 153% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.235939929274 0.162205337803 145% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0580404822125 0.0443174109184 131% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.6 13.3589403974 102% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.03 12.2367328918 90% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.33 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 49.0 63.6247240618 77% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.