Both the reading and the lecture discuss the reasons for which animals were notoriously bigger in ancient times that in the present day. The passage makes claims that several environmental factors in past times contributed to this difference in size. However, the lecturer does not agree with these points, as he thinks that they lack common sense, and effectively casts doubt on them.
First, the passage posits that in ancient times oxygen was much more available. They explain that the quantity of oxygen is directly related to the growth of a species, and the abundance of this element in the past explains the great size of the animals. The professor in the lecture rebuts this argument. He states that in early Earth there was much more volcanic activity, which released various gases into the atmosphere. Additionally, he says that is only logical to infer that there was not much oxygen in the air because of this.
Second, the writer claims that because in the past there was an abundance of plant life greater than today's, animals were able to obtain more nutrients by eating them. He adds that better nutrition leads to more growth that can be transferred genetically. The professor casts doubt on this argument. He points out that the plant life that existed in ancient time was poorly nutritious. He explains that this is due to the contaminated atmosphere that prevented plants from obtaining CO2 needed to grow.
Finally, the Text suggests that climate plays a big factor in animal growth. He asserts that in warmer climates animals need not much energy to heat their bodies and can use this energy to grow instead. The lecturer denies this argument. He makes clear that this not true because animals need to release heat to modulate their temperature and this can not happen efficiently in warm climates. He then points out that, currently most of the biggest animals leave in cold climates, weakening the assertions of the text.
- Some movies are serious, designed to make the audience think. Other movies are designed primarily to amuse and entertain. Which type of movie do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 70
- TPO-08 - Integrated Writing Task Toward the end of his life, the Chevalier de Seingalt (1725-1798) wrote a long memoir recounting his life and adventures. The Chevalier was a somewhat controversial figure, but since he met many famous people, including ki 78
- TPO-18 - Integrated Writing Task In the 1950s Torreya taxifoha, a type of evergreen tree once very common in the state of Florida, started to die out. No one is sure exactly what caused the decline, but chances are good that if nothing is done, Torreya wi 65
- TPO-44 - Integrated Writing Task In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States. Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to 85
- TPO-05 - Integrated Writing Task As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand th 76
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, however, if, second, so, then
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 21.0 12.0772626932 174% => OK
Pronoun: 45.0 22.412803532 201% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 45.0 30.3222958057 148% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1627.0 1373.03311258 118% => OK
No of words: 328.0 270.72406181 121% => OK
Chars per words: 4.96036585366 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.25567506705 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.45017079556 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 173.0 145.348785872 119% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.52743902439 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 496.8 419.366225166 118% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 3.25607064018 276% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 39.4623198933 49.2860985944 80% => OK
Chars per sentence: 90.3888888889 110.228320801 82% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.2222222222 21.698381199 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 2.77777777778 7.06452816374 39% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.244786223639 0.272083759551 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0775712278538 0.0996497079465 78% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0382225871349 0.0662205650399 58% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.148464627291 0.162205337803 92% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0242822521887 0.0443174109184 55% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.0 13.3589403974 82% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.49 12.2367328918 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.28 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 78.0 63.6247240618 123% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.