In the reading, it is argued that pterosaurs are unable to fly in the form of powered flight because of their cold- blooded, heavy weight and small muscles, none of which bolster the standpoint that pterosaurs are incapable of powered flight. However, the professor in the lecture reputes it and says the evidence provided in the reading is not enough to prove their opinion.
First of all, the reading points out that, as reptiles, pterosaurs are considered as cold- blooded animals, accordingly, they have inadiquate energy to carry out powered flight. In the contrary, the professor has several discoveries that pterosaurs have hair or fur covering, which warrants their high temperature, thus supply energy for powered flight as warm- blooded animals.
In addition, the reading posits that in order to jump high enough and stay aloft , the animals, who are able to carry out powerd flight are supposed to meet the requirement that they have low weight. However, the professor confirms that their weight are unusually light. Pterosaurs’ bones are hollow instead of solid. Consequently, their weight are low enough to support them for powered flight.
Furthermore, the reason that their back leg muscles are too small to allow them to jump to fly is unconvinced as well. According to the reading, bird uses two legs for walking and jumping, while pterosaurs walk with all four limes, so they can be pushed off the ground and jump high enough into the air.
In conclusion, the evidence in the reading against powered flight is proved unconvincing in the lecture. In fact, pterosaurs are warm- blooded and light enough to bolster the argument that they use powered flight. They also use four limes to jump to the sky and stay aloft.
- TPO-32 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Young people today have no influence on the important decisions that determine the future of society as a whole.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answe 3
- TPO-10 - Integrated Writing Task The sea otter is a small mammal that lives in waters along the western coast of North America from California to Alaska. When some sea otter populations off the Alaskan coast started rapidly declining a few years ago, it c 73
- TPO-15 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to become financially responsible adults, children should learn to manage their own money at young age. Use specific reasons and examples to support your ans 70
- TPO-05 - Integrated Writing Task As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand th 60
- TPO-23 - Integrated Writing Task Populations of the yellow cedar, a species of tree that is common in northwestern North America, have been steadily declining for more than a century now, since about 1880. Scientists have advanced several hypotheses expla 81
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 126, Rule ID: HEAVY_WEIGHT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'heavyweight'?
Suggestion: heavyweight
... flight because of their cold- blooded, heavy weight and small muscles, none of which bolste...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 81, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...order to jump high enough and stay aloft , the animals, who are able to carry out ...
^^
Line 9, column 275, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...imes to jump to the sky and stay aloft.
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, also, consequently, first, furthermore, however, so, thus, well, while, in addition, in conclusion, in fact, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1460.0 1373.03311258 106% => OK
No of words: 289.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 5.05190311419 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.12310562562 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.5863540188 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 144.0 145.348785872 99% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.498269896194 0.540411800872 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 434.7 419.366225166 104% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 59.6496675618 49.2860985944 121% => OK
Chars per sentence: 112.307692308 110.228320801 102% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.2307692308 21.698381199 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.3076923077 7.06452816374 146% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.415384021832 0.272083759551 153% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.149538816918 0.0996497079465 150% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0761277611166 0.0662205650399 115% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.241481369149 0.162205337803 149% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0328324357139 0.0443174109184 74% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.5 13.3589403974 101% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 57.61 53.8541721854 107% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.31 12.2367328918 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.01 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.