TPO24-Question : Summarise the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they case doubt on specific points made in the reading passage.
In the reading passage, the author feels that are three explanations for the existence of actual tissues in T. rex bone. However, finding all these ideas implausible and questionable, the professor casts doubt on what was presented and states some evidence to the contrary.
To begin with, the text claims that the fossilized leg bone of T. rex revealed many small branching channels, which probably corresponded to blood vessels. This specific argument is challenged by the lecture. He state that the presence of a soft and flexible organic substance inside the channels do not remains of the actual blood vessels of the dinosaur, but a organic residue left by some bacterias. As a result, the professor believes that this ideia is faulty.
Secondly, the author suggests that the bone of T. rex revealed the presence of spheres that could be the remains of red blood cells. In the other hand, the professor rejects this opinion by saying that others primitives bones showed the same evidence even in some organism without red blood cells in transporting. Hence, he argues that this evidence is from another animal.
Finally, the writer posits that on the dinosaur leg bone a performed by a scientific test showed a presence of collagen. In contrast, the lecture rebuts this by mentioning that there no evidence of presence of collagen in animals that have more than 1.000 years. Consequently, he mentions that in a 70-million-year-old fossil of Tyrannosaurus rex will never be possible the existence of collagen. In his opinion, the presence of collagen is from scientist's skin.
In a nutshell, although the reading and the lecture both about actual tissues of T. rex, the three main points made in the reading are effectively challenged by the lecture.
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 305, Rule ID: DONT_NEEDS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'remain'?
Suggestion: remain
...ic substance inside the channels do not remains of the actual blood vessels of the dino...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 362, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
...tual blood vessels of the dinosaur, but a organic residue left by some bacterias....
^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, finally, hence, however, if, second, secondly, so, in contrast, as a result, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 13.0 5.01324503311 259% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1479.0 1373.03311258 108% => OK
No of words: 290.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 5.1 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.12666770723 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.84094615044 2.5805825403 110% => OK
Unique words: 155.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.534482758621 0.540411800872 99% => OK
syllable_count: 449.1 419.366225166 107% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 47.3694762896 49.2860985944 96% => OK
Chars per sentence: 87.0 110.228320801 79% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.0588235294 21.698381199 79% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.41176470588 7.06452816374 91% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 11.0 4.27373068433 257% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.415684638677 0.272083759551 153% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.1228887701 0.0996497079465 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.101826401764 0.0662205650399 154% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.198004923077 0.162205337803 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0971577115233 0.0443174109184 219% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.1 13.3589403974 83% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.0 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.62 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 76.0 63.6247240618 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 305, Rule ID: DONT_NEEDS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'remain'?
Suggestion: remain
...ic substance inside the channels do not remains of the actual blood vessels of the dino...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 362, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
...tual blood vessels of the dinosaur, but a organic residue left by some bacterias....
^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, finally, hence, however, if, second, secondly, so, in contrast, as a result, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 9.0 10.4613686534 86% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 13.0 5.01324503311 259% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1479.0 1373.03311258 108% => OK
No of words: 290.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 5.1 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.12666770723 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.84094615044 2.5805825403 110% => OK
Unique words: 155.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.534482758621 0.540411800872 99% => OK
syllable_count: 449.1 419.366225166 107% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 47.3694762896 49.2860985944 96% => OK
Chars per sentence: 87.0 110.228320801 79% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.0588235294 21.698381199 79% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.41176470588 7.06452816374 91% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 11.0 4.27373068433 257% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.415684638677 0.272083759551 153% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.1228887701 0.0996497079465 123% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.101826401764 0.0662205650399 154% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.198004923077 0.162205337803 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0971577115233 0.0443174109184 219% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.1 13.3589403974 83% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.0 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.62 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 76.0 63.6247240618 119% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.