10 October, 2016
The European Union has launched a new border force to control the flow of immigrants entering EU member countries.
The new force is called the European Border and Coast Guard Agency. A ceremony marking its creation was recently held at the Kapitan Andreevo border crossing on Bulgaria's border with Turkey.
Europe has received millions of migrants and refugees from the Middle East and Africa in recent years. This has put pressure on many EU members and led to calls to close off the borders.
Dimitris Avramopoulos is the EU's commissioner for migration. He praised the new border force. He notes the force came to exist just nine months after it was first proposed.
"The European citizens have demanded, and they rightly do so, a tangible European response - and today we deliver it collectively."
Permanent employees at the new agency – formerly known as Frontex - will be more than doubled, according to EU officials. At least 1,500 border guards will be ready to quickly deploy to areas experiencing a sharp increase in migrant activity.
Currently, E.U. citizens are permitted to travel freely across borders of 26 countries. But the rising number of refugees and migrants led some nations to reestablish their own border controls.
More than 300,000 migrants have arrived in Europe in this year alone -- many passing through Turkey.
Critics of the E.U.'s new border force say wealthy E.U. nations are not doing enough to care for their share of migrants and refugees.
Gauri van Gulik is Deputy Europe Director for the rights group Amnesty International. She said the wealthiest E.U. member countries currently host less than 10 percent of the world's refugees.
"That needs to shift, and no border guard is going to make that happen. That's going to require political will and some durable solutions..."
Flows of migrants from Turkey have decreased since E.U. officials struck a deal with Turkey in March. Under that agreement, Turkey promised to return all migrants who try to enter Europe illegally. But Van Gulik said this is just a way for Europe to outsource its asylum policy.
"They're leaving it up to Turkey to host millions of refugees. They're leaving it up to the very borders of Europe – so mostly Greece and also Italy now – to host refugees. And it means that people are stuck in the most horrendous conditions..."
E.U. officials have said the new border agency will respect human and refugee rights. But they say the force must also be used to help the E.U. regain control of its borders to prevent another crisis.
I'm Bryan Lynn.
Henry Ridgwell reported this story for VOANews. Bryan Lynn adapted it for Learning English. George Grow was the editor.
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Words in This Story
re-impose – v. put in place again
host – v. – take in, accept
durable – adj. remaining in good condition for a long time
outsource – v. sending work out to be done by another company, often in another country
horrendous – adj. very bad or unpleasant