A recent study indicates that children living in the Himalayan mountain region in Nepal have lower levels of tooth decay than children living in suburban areas in the United States, despite the fact that people in the Himalayan mountain region in Nepal receive little to no professional dental care, while people in suburban areas in the United States see a dentist an average of 1.25 times per year. Thus, regular dental care is not helpful in preventing tooth decay.
Is seeing a Dentist absolutely necessary for the healthy teeth ? This is not a cardinal truth ,at least, not in the stated expansive form of generality. Similar question has emerged in the recent study on dental health of the suburban americans and nepalese children residing in the himalayan region. The study concludes that since the nepalese children have better teeth despite any dentist care, dentists surely are in-efficacious in preventing tooth decay. While it is possible that professional dental care is not that effective, but there could be other mechanisms at play that can provide alternative explanations to the phenomenon. It is possible that since pollution level in suburban areas of the USA is much higher than the himalayan region, the counterfactual for USA could have been even worse with much more tooth decay. Also as the probability of tooth decay increases with age, it could simply be the case that the median subject studied in American sub-urban was much older than the nepalese kids. We should also not forget that the temperature has non-trivial effect on human health, which leads to a testable hypothesis that the difference in the tooth decay incidence is attributable solely to the temperature difference between the mountain region and the plains
Firstly, higher pollution at the suburban region could be the cause behind higher tooth decay instances. Human body, including the bone structure and teeth are highly responsive to the pollution. Higher degree of chemicals in American towns can be the reason behind higher tooth decay. It is possible that if these sub-urban kids stop taking dentist services than they would be subjected to more tooth decay.
Secondly, bucolic lifestyle at the himalayas must be much healthier than the urban lifestyle of American towns. American kids consume more chocolates and other decaying food items than himalayan kids. This could be the reason behind the difference in dental health.
Thirdly, the difference in dental health could be solely attributable to the age difference of the sample subjects at Nepal and American sub-urban. Older people are more likely to suffer from tooth decay and since the study included only kids in Nepal as a comparator the result was doomed to be in favor of the Lilliputians.
Lastly, the temperature difference between hilly region and the place can also be a plausible explanation to the phenomenon. Teeth is essentially a kind of bone which has higher shelf life in lower temperatures over hot whether.
In conclusion, although the phenomenon of nepalese kids having lesser tooth decay is true, it doesn't prove the in-efficaciousness of professional dental care at American towns. Such a conclusion can only be made if the counterfactual of no-dental care was observed, which ipso-facto can never be latent. The difference in dental health could be attributable to the differences in age, pollution level, lifestyle or simply temperature between the two samples. Hence, unless we normalise the result for these differences, we would not be in the position to claim that regular dental health is not helpful
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| 2023-07-16 | AaronFernandes | 60 | view |
| 2023-04-09 | Aaishani De | 66 | view |
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| 2021-08-27 | Adz12345 | 53 | view |
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.0 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 23 15
No. of Words: 503 350
No. of Characters: 2573 1500
No. of Different Words: 219 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.736 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.115 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.798 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 185 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 127 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 106 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 74 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 21.87 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 7.809 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.565 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.314 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.534 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.096 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 6 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 21, Rule ID: ABSOLUTELY_ESSENTIAL[1]
Message: Use simply 'necessary'.
Suggestion: necessary
Is seeing a Dentist absolutely necessary for the healthy teeth ? This is not a c...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 94, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...thy teeth ? This is not a cardinal truth ,at least, not in the stated expansive fo...
^^
Line 1, column 835, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Also,
... even worse with much more tooth decay. Also as the probability of tooth decay incre...
^^^^
Line 1, column 1283, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...tween the mountain region and the plains Firstly, higher pollution at the suburba...
^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 230, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...in lower temperatures over hot whether. In conclusion, although the phenomenon o...
^^^^^
Line 11, column 95, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...s having lesser tooth decay is true, it doesnt prove the in-efficaciousness of profess...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, hence, if, lastly, second, secondly, so, third, thirdly, while, at least, in conclusion, kind of
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 32.0 19.6327345309 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 16.0 12.9520958084 124% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 11.1786427146 81% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 13.6137724551 95% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 28.8173652695 80% => OK
Preposition: 64.0 55.5748502994 115% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 16.3942115768 91% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2633.0 2260.96107784 116% => OK
No of words: 502.0 441.139720559 114% => OK
Chars per words: 5.24501992032 5.12650576532 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.7334296765 4.56307096286 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.84765836649 2.78398813304 102% => OK
Unique words: 224.0 204.123752495 110% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.446215139442 0.468620217663 95% => OK
syllable_count: 838.8 705.55239521 119% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.76447105788 57% => OK
Subordination: 3.0 2.70958083832 111% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.67365269461 60% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 22.0 19.7664670659 111% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 22.8473053892 96% => OK
Sentence length SD: 64.6335666189 57.8364921388 112% => OK
Chars per sentence: 119.681818182 119.503703932 100% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.8181818182 23.324526521 98% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.59090909091 5.70786347227 98% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 5.25449101796 114% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 8.20758483034 73% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 10.0 6.88822355289 145% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.195390103881 0.218282227539 90% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0594558838476 0.0743258471296 80% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0666903659172 0.0701772020484 95% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0991870978717 0.128457276422 77% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0714776780837 0.0628817314937 114% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.7 14.3799401198 102% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 40.69 48.3550499002 84% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.1 12.197005988 107% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.47 12.5979740519 107% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.31 8.32208582834 100% => OK
difficult_words: 114.0 98.500998004 116% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 12.0 12.3882235529 97% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 11.1389221557 97% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.9071856287 92% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.