For thousands of years, humans have been able to domesticate, or tame, many large mammals that in the wild live together in herds. Once tamed, these mammals are used for agricultural work and transportation. Yet some herd mammals are not easily domesticated.
A good indicator of an animal’s suitability for domestication is how protective the animal is of its territory. Nonterritorial animals are more easily domesticated than territorial animals because they can live close together with animals from other herds. A second indicator is that animals with a hierarchical social structure, in which herd members follow a leader, are easy to domesticate, since a human can function as the “leader.”
Professor
So we’ve been discussing the suitability of animals for domestication . . . particu- larly animals that live together in herds. Now, if we take horses, for example . . . in the wild, horses live in herds that consist of one male and several females and their young. When a herd moves, the dominant male leads, with the dominant female and her young immediately behind him. The dominant female and her young are then followed immediately by the second most important female and her young, and so on. This is why domesticated horses can be harnessed one after the other in a row.
They’re “programmed” to follow the lead of another horse. On top of that, you often find different herds of horses in the wild occupying overlapping areas—they don’t fight off other herds that enter the same territory.
But it’s exactly the opposite with an animal like the, uh, the antelope . . . which
. . . well, antelopes are herd animals too. But unlike horses, a male antelope will fight fiercely to prevent another male from entering its territory during the breeding sea- son; OK—very different from the behavior of horses. Try keeping a couple of male antelopes together in a small space and see what happens. Also, antelopes don’t have a social hierarchy—they don’t instinctively follow any leader. That makes it harder for humans to control their behavior.
When the lecture has ended, the picture of the professor will be replaced by a screen instructing you to get ready to answer the question. Then the question will appear on the screen and will be read aloud by a narrator as well.
The professor describes the behavior of horses and antelope in herds. Explain how their behavior is related to their suitability for domestication.
| Post dates | Users | rates | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-04-16 | ash.shouvik | 90.00 | Check this speaking |
- what characteristics do you think make someone good parents? Explain why this characteristics are important to you. 70
- Some students would prefer to live with roommates. Others would prefer to live alone. Which option would you prefer and why?
- The speakers discuss two possible solutions to the woman’s problem. Briefly summarize the problem. Then state which solution you prefer and why.
- Some people like to always have people around them. Others would rather spend time alone. Which way would you like to spend your free time? Give details and examples to support your answer.
- Some people say when a child moves to a new country, he should only be taught in the native language of his new country. Others think it is better to teach in a bilingual method to adjust. Which method do you think is better? 83
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 680.0 593.389002037 115% => OK
No of words: 170.0 154.784114053 110% => OK
Chars per words: 4.0 3.82920900774 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.61087313685 3.52088357496 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 1.83751750692 1.81998168104 101% => OK
Unique words: 102.0 93.7942973523 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.6 0.608046397892 99% => OK
Syllable count: 224.1 185.724439919 121% => OK
Avg_syllables_per_word: 1.3 1.20224032587 108% => OK
Performance on coherence:
Topic speech coherence ratio: 0.0651661948615 0.0833886788687 78% => OK
Acoustic performance on paragraphs:
How many acoustic paragraphs: 2.0 3.90020366599 51% => OK
Average paragraph length: 85.0 71.3690273242 119% => OK
STD paragraph length: 66.0 24.1299301424 274% => Paragraph length changes often.
Average paragraph duration: 29.76 26.8388033085 111% => OK
STD paragraph duration: 21.27 8.89323425527 239% => The duration of acoustic paragraphs changes often.
Acoustic performance on sentences:
How many acoustic sentences: 56.0 40.266802444 139% => OK
Average acoustic sentence length: 3.03571428571 4.20756893501 72% => OK
STD acoustic sentence length: 1.89891214829 3.23972648638 59% => OK
Average acoustic sentences duration: 1.0475 1.51236819293 69% => OK
STD acoustic sentences duration: 0.61565658911 1.0352206224 59% => OK
Acoustic performance on acoustic silence:(An acoustic silence means a little pause between two or more words)
How many acoustic silence: 55.0 37.9022403259 145% => It means the content is not pronounced smoothly or it is pronounced slowly. It is word by word.
Total acoustic silence duration: 8.78 7.22384928717 122% => It may have a lot of silences or every silence is too long.
Average acoustic silence duration: 0.159636363636 0.193825474362 82% => OK
STD acoustic silence duration: 0.140194198251 0.16431695912 85% => OK
Acoustic performance on acoustic words:
Total word duration: 47.58 46.6644602851 102% => OK
Average word duration: 0.279882352941 0.304040633073 92% => OK
STD word duration: 0.151043383855 0.193491353168 78% => OK
Disfluencies: like hesitations, or 'ehn' or taking a long time to pronounce a word:
How many disfluencies: 5.0 8.88594704684 56% => OK
Total_disfluencies_duration: 4.0 6.97134419552 57% => OK
Total acoustic noise duration: 0.87 3.21433808554 27% => Good job. The lower, the better.
Acoustic rates:
Total speech duration: 59.52 59.1375356415 101% => OK
Compare to expected duration: 0.992 0.985625594026 101% => OK
Rate of silence: 0.924059139785 0.643888735843 144% => Less acoustic silences wanted.
Rate of speech: 2.8561827957 2.61565628039 109% => OK
Rate of speech by unique words: 1.71370967742 1.58604529434 108% => OK
Rate of word duration by unique words: 2.14375788146 2.01333574461 106% => OK
Average articulation rates: 0.256464329412 0.322651457988 79% => OK
---------------------
Rates: 90.0 out of 100
Scores by speech e-grader: 27.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the speech e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas.