Sea otters are a small mammal that lives in the waters along North America's west coast from California to Alaska. A few years ago some of the sea otter populations off of the Alaskan coast started to decline rapidly and raised several concerns because of their important role in the coastal ecosystem. Experts began investigating and came up with two possible explanations. One explanation was environmental pollution and the second was attacks by predators.
At first it seemed as if the pollution was the most likely cause for the population decline. One reason pollution was more likely was because of the known pollution sources along the Alaskan coast such as oil rigs. Also water samples taken in the area showed increased levels of chemicals that could decrease the otters' immune systems and indirectly result in their deaths.
Another thing that pointed to pollution as the culprit was the decline of other sea mammals such as seals in the same areas. This indicated that whatever was affecting the otters was also affecting the other sea mammals. Environmental pollution usually affects an entire ecosystem instead of just one species. Only predators that occurred in a large area, such as orcas (a large predatory whale), could cause the same effect, but they usually hunt larger prey.
Finally, scientists believed the pollution hypothesis would also explain the uneven pattern of otter decline. In some Alaskan locations the otter population declined greatly while other populations remained stable. Some experts suggested this could be explained by ocean currents, or other environmental factors, might have created uneven concentrations of pollutants along the coast.
In the set of materials, the reading passage states that the decline rate of sea otter populations is due to the environmental contaminants and the predator's attacking. Nevertheless, the professor refutes the author's opinion in the lecture and explains why the growth rate of these mammals is deteriorated and it was due to the attack of predators to sea otters.
Firstly, the article posits that pollution sources are destructive factors. In contrast, the professor contends that it's not a true supposition. There is no expectation about the sea otter fatality and others think it is because of the infection. While not only orcas kill sea otters and eat them, but also they don't wash the rest of the otter's corpse that this case creates a doubt between people that they died from infections.
Secondly, the reading avers that another reason is decreasing of other mammals in this area. On the other hand, the professor opposes this hypothesis and mentions this point that hunting of whales is very effective on the population decline of sea otters. The professor claims that because of numerous hunting of whales, the diet of orcas are changed and they begin to hunt more and more to make food. This is why the decline has occurred.
Ultimately, the passage indicates that ocean currents and environment factors are crucial to this problem. However, the professor avers that the attacks have uneven patterns and they are accessible to be hunted. Also, the stable population of sea otters can be found in shallow Rocky locations that this theory is in conflict by the reading passage.
- Sea otters are a small mammal that lives in the waters along North America's west coast from California to Alaska. A few years ago some of the sea otter populations off of the Alaskan coast started to decline rapidly and raised several concerns beca 83
- Sea otters are a small mammal that lives in the waters along North America's west coast from California to Alaska. A few years ago some of the sea otter populations off of the Alaskan coast started to decline rapidly and raised several concerns. 67
- Today the high sales of consumer goods reflect the power of advertising and not the real needs of the society in which they are sold. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 11
- Today, the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising and not the real needs of the society in which they are sold. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 11
- The opinions of celebrities, such as famous entertainers and athletes, are more important to younger people than they are to older people. 70
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 210, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...Nevertheless, the professor refutes the authors opinion in the lecture and explains why...
^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 312, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
... sea otters and eat them, but also they dont wash the rest of the otters corpse that...
^^^^
Line 2, column 338, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'otters'' or 'otter's'?
Suggestion: otters'; otter's
...but also they dont wash the rest of the otters corpse that this case creates a doubt b...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, firstly, however, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, while, in contrast, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 22.412803532 120% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1326.0 1373.03311258 97% => OK
No of words: 265.0 270.72406181 98% => OK
Chars per words: 5.00377358491 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.03470204552 4.04702891845 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.6598447212 2.5805825403 103% => OK
Unique words: 142.0 145.348785872 98% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.535849056604 0.540411800872 99% => OK
syllable_count: 413.1 419.366225166 99% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 45.8780219649 49.2860985944 93% => OK
Chars per sentence: 102.0 110.228320801 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.3846153846 21.698381199 94% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.38461538462 7.06452816374 119% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 9.0 4.45695364238 202% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.27373068433 70% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.158272740689 0.272083759551 58% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0545579727158 0.0996497079465 55% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0530363832181 0.0662205650399 80% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0988511306477 0.162205337803 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.033265755294 0.0443174109184 75% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 51.18 53.8541721854 95% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.72 12.2367328918 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.04 8.42419426049 107% => OK
difficult_words: 74.0 63.6247240618 116% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 83.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.