"Last October the city of Belleville installed high-intensity lighting in its central business district, and vandalism there declined within a month. The city of Amburg has recently begun police patrols on bicycles in its business district, but the rate of vandalism there remains constant. We should install high-intensity lighting throughout Amburg, then, because doing so is a more effective way to combat crime. By reducing crime in this way, we can revitalize the declining neighborhoods in our city."
The argument is flawed for numerous reasons. While at first glance the argument appears to be cogent, but if not sustained with more information, would significantly weaken the idea. The argument assumes that both the cities of belleville and amburg are the same and concludes that amburg will follow the same success as belleville which is invalid.
The argument fails to provide any justification that the two cities are similar in terms of population and crime rate. it can be possible that most of the crimes committed in belleville are during the night times so installing high-intensity lighting could have helped bring down the vandalism. but what if the vandalism in amburg is mostly linked with the crimes which are committed during the day. For example, vandalism cases in belleville could be related to graffiti where vandalism in amburg can be related to violent protests. then high-intensity lighting throughout amburg would not be an effective way to combat crime. Had the argument provided the similarity between the vandalism acts of both the cities then the argument could be cogent enough.
The argument also leaves many unanswered questions. The argument states that the measure taken to reduce the crime in the central business district of a city will suffice to reduce the crime rate of the business district of an entirely different city. The businesses in the central business district of belleville can be very different from that of the businesses done by the people of amburg at the business district. Nonetheless, the argument assumes that both central business districts and business districts are targeted by the vandalism acts at the same level. To strengthen the argument the author must provide the similarities between these businesses and should also provide more insight into the vandalism acts where are committed.
The argument also claims without warrant that what holds good last October will definitely hold good today. so even if we assume the cities, belleville and amburg are similar in the aspects of population, business, and vandalism act, the argument is still lacking cause it doesn't provide information to show that the vandals haven't figured out a way around the changes implemented to curb the crime rate.
In conclusion, it is possible that installing high-intensity lighting can aid in reducing the crime rate in the city of amburg. However, it is impossible to agree with the argument without concrete evidence. The argument makes several unwarranted assumptions, it fails to make a convincing case that the city of amburg will mirror the reduction in the crime rate of belleville
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-08-18 | sam 27 | 66 | view |
| 2023-06-21 | ygs_2024 | 74 | view |
| 2023-02-15 | tedyang777 | 70 | view |
| 2022-11-05 | predatoros | 70 | view |
| 2021-09-17 | Divija Palleti | 68 | view |
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 4 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 8 2
No. of Sentences: 15 15
No. of Words: 428 350
No. of Characters: 2176 1500
No. of Different Words: 181 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.548 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.084 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.713 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 167 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 128 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 93 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 54 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 28.533 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 17.527 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.667 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.404 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.624 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.157 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 6, column 120, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: It
... in terms of population and crime rate. it can be possible that most of the crimes...
^^
Line 6, column 296, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: But
...d have helped bring down the vandalism. but what if the vandalism in amburg is most...
^^^
Line 6, column 535, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Then
...urg can be related to violent protests. then high-intensity lighting throughout ambu...
^^^^
Line 11, column 253, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...district of an entirely different city. The businesses in the central business dist...
^^^
Line 17, column 109, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: So
...ctober will definitely hold good today. so even if we assume the cities, bellevill...
^^
Line 17, column 274, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
... the argument is still lacking cause it doesnt provide information to show that the va...
^^^^^^
Line 17, column 326, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: haven't
...de information to show that the vandals havent figured out a way around the changes im...
^^^^^^
Line 17, column 406, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ges implemented to curb the crime rate. In conclusion, it is possible that insta...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, nonetheless, so, still, then, while, for example, in conclusion
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 20.0 19.6327345309 102% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 15.0 12.9520958084 116% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 11.1786427146 81% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 18.0 28.8173652695 62% => OK
Preposition: 58.0 55.5748502994 104% => OK
Nominalization: 21.0 16.3942115768 128% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2253.0 2260.96107784 100% => OK
No of words: 426.0 441.139720559 97% => OK
Chars per words: 5.28873239437 5.12650576532 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.54310108192 4.56307096286 100% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.76284697634 2.78398813304 99% => OK
Unique words: 188.0 204.123752495 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.441314553991 0.468620217663 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 705.6 705.55239521 100% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.59920159681 106% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 4.96107784431 81% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.76447105788 114% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 4.22255489022 47% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 22.8473053892 96% => OK
Sentence length SD: 55.5208528118 57.8364921388 96% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.578947368 119.503703932 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.4210526316 23.324526521 96% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.94736842105 5.70786347227 87% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 8.0 5.25449101796 152% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 8.20758483034 61% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 12.0 6.88822355289 174% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.67664670659 43% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.296962867268 0.218282227539 136% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.100642722704 0.0743258471296 135% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0890731530561 0.0701772020484 127% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.164741941756 0.128457276422 128% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0860810774978 0.0628817314937 137% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.7 14.3799401198 102% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 40.69 48.3550499002 84% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.1 12.197005988 107% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.7 12.5979740519 109% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.1 8.32208582834 97% => OK
difficult_words: 91.0 98.500998004 92% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 12.3882235529 93% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 11.1389221557 97% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.9071856287 118% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.