the insecticidal properties of DDT, a whit crystalline compound, were discovered in 1942. during world war II this pesticide was used to control the spread use of typhus and malaria. then in the postwar era it began to be used extensively as an agricultural insecticide. its success in eradicating malaria and controlling other insect-borne diseases dangerous both to humans and crops led it to be labeled a miracle pesticide.
its usage increased and peaked in the early 1960s. in that decade, however, studies began to show that this method of pest control had serious environmental consequences. perhaps most damaging for the reputation of DDT was the wide popularity of Rachel Carsson's book Silent Spring, which exposed the dangers of continued use of this pesticide on bird and animal species and ultimately on human beings. carson's influential expose of the harmful effects of DDT showed that several species of birds were experiencing population declines as a result of ingesting this chemical in their customary diet. research showed that birds of prey such as the bald eagle and peregrine falcon, which are high on the food chain, accumulated excessive amounts of the pesticide in their bodies, and this caused them to lay eggs with thin shells, which would break before hatching. research also showed that the human population was at risk from increased levels of liver and breast cancer caused by exposure to DDT. furthermore, environmentalists pointed out that the toxicity of this substance is not easily degraded and can remain in the environment and food chain for prolonged periods. due to these reasons, and also to the fact that DDT seemed to be losing its effectiveness on the insect populations it was designed to control, many countries banned the use of this product during the early 1960s.
The passage and the lecture hold different perceptions toward the use of DDT as pesticide. The passage mentions that pesticide is hazardous for ecosystem, but the lecture argues that DDT has no correlation at all with such phenomenon.
The substantial use of DDT has been claimed has harmed the population of several high food chain birds species such as bald eagle and peregrine falcon. According to the lecture, however, it has been reported that the number of bald eagle has already been in decline before the period of DDT. Another bird species, brown pelican, also reached its lowest number before the massive use of DDT. In contrast, the number of bald eagle is recorded highest during the 1960s, which is the peak use of DDT. Finally, the lecture suggests that the declining population of these species is due to hunting activity.
The lecture also refuses the research mentioned certain dangerous amounts of pesticide were found inside some food chain birds’ bodies. The lecture based his view on research that shows brown pelican and peregrine falcon have no problem with their reproductive system during the DDT era. Moreover, the lecture argues that pesticide is not correlated with the eggshell weakening. The lecture claims that other factors such as oil spill, mercury poisoning and other pollutants are more responsible for this issue.
Finally, the lecture disagrees with the claim saying DDT brings higher threat of cancers to humans. New research from the lecture suggests that there are no links between pesticide and human cancers.
The lecture denies all the evidence presented in the passage and suggests that the use of DDT showed no correlation at all with the phenomenon. The lecture also points out that the excessive and uncontrollable use of DDT indeed might decrease its effectiveness. Further, the lecture expresses his opinion that many countries should reconsider to use DDT as pesticide again.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-10-10 | kantanandana | 60 | view |
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- the insecticidal properties of DDT, a whit crystalline compound, were discovered in 1942. during world war II this pesticide was used to control the spread use of typhus and malaria. then in the postwar era it began to be used extensively as an agricultur 60
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 237, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...orrelation at all with such phenomenon. The substantial use of DDT has been clai...
^^^^^
Line 3, column 1, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...ation at all with such phenomenon. The substantial use of DDT has been claimed...
^^^
Line 5, column 518, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ts are more responsible for this issue. Finally, the lecture disagrees with the ...
^^^^^
Line 9, column 375, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...consider to use DDT as pesticide again.
^^^
Discourse Markers used:
['also', 'but', 'finally', 'however', 'if', 'moreover', 'so', 'in contrast', 'such as']
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance in Part of Speech:
Nouns: 0.303206997085 0.229887763892 132% => OK
Verbs: 0.142857142857 0.158761421928 90% => OK
Adjectives: 0.0874635568513 0.0866891130778 101% => OK
Adverbs: 0.0349854227405 0.046263068375 76% => OK
Pronouns: 0.0174927113703 0.0685040099705 26% => Some pronouns wanted.
Prepositions: 0.139941690962 0.118717715034 118% => OK
Participles: 0.0437317784257 0.0351676179071 124% => OK
Conjunctions: 2.59310520589 2.67179642975 97% => OK
Infinitives: 0.0116618075802 0.0309702414327 38% => Some infinitives wanted.
Particles: 0.00291545189504 0.00188951952338 154% => OK
Determiners: 0.128279883382 0.0887237588012 145% => OK
Modal_auxiliary: 0.00583090379009 0.0209618222197 28% => Some modal verbs wanted.
WH_determiners: 0.00583090379009 0.0139019557991 42% => Some subClauses wanted starting by 'Which, Who, What, Whom, Whose.....'
Vocabulary words and sentences:
No of characters: 1949.0 2387.08602151 82% => OK
No of words: 312.0 408.028673835 76% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 6.24679487179 5.86048508987 107% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.20279927342 4.48200974243 94% => OK
words length more than 5 chars: 0.416666666667 0.338922669872 123% => OK
words length more than 6 chars: 0.320512820513 0.251872472559 127% => OK
words length more than 7 chars: 0.195512820513 0.174417080927 112% => OK
words length more than 8 chars: 0.13141025641 0.112833075102 116% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59310520589 2.67179642975 97% => OK
Unique words: 160.0 212.727598566 75% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.512820512821 0.524397521467 98% => OK
Word variations: 52.2058593227 59.2087087015 88% => OK
How many sentences: 16.0 20.6684587814 77% => OK
Sentence length: 19.5 20.5533526081 95% => OK
Sentence length SD: 21.7442521141 48.84282405 45% => OK
Chars per sentence: 121.8125 120.699889404 101% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.5 20.5533526081 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 0.5625 0.644075263715 87% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.5376344086 110% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 5.54480286738 72% => OK
Readability: 51.5512820513 45.7405998639 113% => OK
Elegance: 2.49253731343 1.45489161554 171% => OK
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.372107951321 0.300154397459 124% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence: 0.138180513329 0.103427244359 134% => OK
Sentence sentence coherence SD: 0.0818313648305 0.0752933317313 109% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence: 0.656185167912 0.497263757937 132% => OK
Sentence paragraph coherence SD: 0.0977259211801 0.151897553556 64% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.188019328489 0.114077575197 165% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0679055296784 0.0781384742642 87% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence: 0.413330084612 0.336927656856 123% => OK
Paragraph paragraph coherence SD: 0.0276953343574 0.067059652881 41% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.266227612159 0.210909579961 126% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.054129195201 0.0618886996521 87% => OK
Task Achievement:
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 11.8870967742 17% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 11.0 3.86379928315 285% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 3.0 4.91756272401 61% => OK
Positive topic words: 1.0 8.42114695341 12% => More positive topic words wanted.
Negative topic words: 7.0 2.4623655914 284% => OK
Neutral topic words: 2.0 2.75985663082 72% => OK
Total topic words: 10.0 13.6433691756 73% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
---------------------
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
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Note: This is not the final score. The e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.