In this set of materials the reading and lecture discusses about the causes of little ice age. The article provides several reasons to state the causes but the lecturer found all the theories mentioned in the passage out of date and provides new findings for supporting his opinion.
First of all, the passage states that the ice was caused due to disruption of ocean currents in the gulf stream as a result of melting of glaciers due to warmer climate. On the contrary, the speaker states that the gulf stream cooling should have affected Europe and north America only but the cause for ice age in New Zealand and south Africa cannot be determined. So, this cannot be the correct explanation .
Furthermore, according to article volcanic eruptions can be another cause for ice age as it may have covered the atmosphere, which might have resulted in cooler temperatures. On the other hand, the speaker states that even if it is true that volcano's are responsible for the cooling; people during that era might have reported such unusual change in atmosphere such as grayish snow or colorful sunset etc; but no such records have been found about such description. Even though few volcano's were disrupted during that period, they were not strong enough to cause ice age.
Finally, as per reading there was a drastic decline in human population during that period, so natural resources were not depleted by human activities. This might have resulted in considerable cooling and thus an ice age might have resulted. The professor contradicts this statement and contends that though, population was decreased for several reasons; it grew back again soon and many forests were cut for farming. So this theory is also unconvincing.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 409, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
..., this cannot be the correct explanation . Furthermore, according to article vo...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, furthermore, if, may, so, thus, such as, as a result, first of all, it is true, on the contrary, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 11.0 7.30242825607 151% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 18.0 22.412803532 80% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1444.0 1373.03311258 105% => OK
No of words: 288.0 270.72406181 106% => OK
Chars per words: 5.01388888889 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.11953428781 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.55758267744 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 165.0 145.348785872 114% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.572916666667 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 453.6 419.366225166 108% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Interrogative: 0.0 0.116997792494 0% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 68.9087057071 49.2860985944 140% => OK
Chars per sentence: 120.333333333 110.228320801 109% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.0 21.698381199 111% => OK
Discourse Markers: 11.75 7.06452816374 166% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.421069903043 0.272083759551 155% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.148416525518 0.0996497079465 149% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0881603046807 0.0662205650399 133% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.237306956309 0.162205337803 146% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0558213368394 0.0443174109184 126% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.2 13.3589403974 106% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 47.12 53.8541721854 87% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 11.0289183223 115% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.07 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.83 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 73.0 63.6247240618 115% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.