The city council of Town X has proposed reducing the city’s electric expenses by switching all the lights
in public buildings from incandescent bulbs to light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The switch would be made
gradually as the old incandescent bulbs burn out, and the city council reasons that since LED lights burn
brighter and cost no more to purchase, the switch would help Town X save money on electrical costs in the
future.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered to help evaluate the
efficacy of the city council’s proposal to save money on electrical costs. Be sure to explain how the
answers to these questions would help to evaluate the council’s prediction.
While it may be true that switching all the light in public buildings from incandescent bulbs to light emitting diodes may reduce the city’s electric expenses, the author leaves us with certain questions that should be answered to prove the validity of this argument.
The author is assuming that incandescent bulb is the only reason for the high electric expense in the city and changing it will automatically reduce the expense. What if there are other high power consuming devices used in the city such as billboards, traffic lights and many others that actually contribute to the high expense. It could even be other household equipments that is the reason for this high expense and these other areas were totally ignored by the author. A credible survey should have been carried out by the author to prove that other things do not account for the high electric expense.
Additionally, the author states that the led light cost no more to purchase. Does this mean that the led light and the incandescent bulb could be the same price. If they are of the same price, the the author’s argument that the expenses would reduce will need more facts to prove how getting a led bulb of the same price with the incandescent bulb would reduce the city’s electric expense. He also stated that the led bulb burns brighter to back up the assumption. We do not know what other type of bulb he was comparing the led bulb with.
The author also assumes that replacing an already existing incandescent bulb with leds would automatically reduce the expense. The author does not take into account the additional expenses the leds might cause them. For example, the wiring for leds might be totally different from that of incandescent bulb. They would have to replace the entire wiring, costing them more expense for workmanship and new wires. It could even be that all other electronic devices in the city were designed to work with only incandescent bulb making the entire process cost the city more. To strengthen his argument, the author will need to prove that changing this bulbs will have no other cost implications.
The author automatically assumes that the city would not need to purchase an electronic device or equipments in the future by stating that the switch will help town x to save money on electrical costs in the future. This leaves us questioning if the town would never spend on any other device again. Building upon the implication of these other things that the author failed to account for, he might need to carry out more credible research to prove the validity of this argument.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-07-10 | Wednesday_Addams | 58 | view |
| 2023-01-30 | prabh450 | 60 | view |
| 2022-12-27 | writingishard | 60 | view |
| 2022-10-11 | Tanub922 | 70 | view |
| 2022-08-30 | harshalwaghmare | 60 | view |
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 10 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 1 2
No. of Sentences: 19 15
No. of Words: 445 350
No. of Characters: 2114 1500
No. of Different Words: 183 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.593 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.751 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.41 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 133 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 90 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 62 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 33 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 23.421 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.355 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.368 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.369 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.547 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.213 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 194, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: the
...e price. If they are of the same price, the the author’s argument that the expenses wou...
^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 194, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'the' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: the; the
...e price. If they are of the same price, the the author’s argument that the expenses wou...
^^^^^^^
Line 6, column 118, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...with leds would automatically reduce the expense. The author does not take into a...
^^
Line 6, column 644, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...author will need to prove that changing this bulbs will have no other cost implicati...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, if, may, so, then, while, for example, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 19.6327345309 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 25.0 12.9520958084 193% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 11.1786427146 54% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 17.0 13.6137724551 125% => OK
Pronoun: 40.0 28.8173652695 139% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 46.0 55.5748502994 83% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 16.3942115768 37% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2163.0 2260.96107784 96% => OK
No of words: 445.0 441.139720559 101% => OK
Chars per words: 4.8606741573 5.12650576532 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.59293186426 4.56307096286 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48787084182 2.78398813304 89% => OK
Unique words: 187.0 204.123752495 92% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.420224719101 0.468620217663 90% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 666.9 705.55239521 95% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 4.96107784431 141% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.76447105788 114% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 2.70958083832 74% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 4.22255489022 24% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 55.9900070229 57.8364921388 97% => OK
Chars per sentence: 113.842105263 119.503703932 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.4210526316 23.324526521 100% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.52631578947 5.70786347227 62% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 5.25449101796 76% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 8.20758483034 37% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 10.0 4.67664670659 214% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.376017847026 0.218282227539 172% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.131411121934 0.0743258471296 177% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0975395478111 0.0701772020484 139% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.244970278088 0.128457276422 191% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.107512824833 0.0628817314937 171% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.2 14.3799401198 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 48.3550499002 117% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 12.197005988 91% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.2 12.5979740519 89% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.44 8.32208582834 89% => OK
difficult_words: 75.0 98.500998004 76% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 18.0 12.3882235529 145% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.