The following appeared in a popular health and fitness magazine.
"A ten-year study of a group of 552 men from Elysia showed that long-term consumption of caffeinated black tea was associated with a much lower risk of stroke. Of these men, those who drank more than three cups of black tea a day had a 70 percent lower risk of stroke than those who drank no tea. These results suggest that health-conscious people should consume at least three cups of black tea a day, beginning early in life."
In the popular health and fitness magazine, it is stated that those who desire good health or people who are conscious of their health should start consuming at least three cups of black tea beginning in the early times of their lives. This was substantiated by the fact that a survey that was carried out years ago amongst men who consumed caffeinated black tea, the incidence of stroke was reduced. However, before the recommendation can be properly evaluated, three questions must be answered.
To begin with, does the result of a study from ten years ago still retain it's validity in this currently era? In other words, can the result from a study conducted ten years ago on only 552 men be used as a generalisation for every body? Perhaps, the study was only relevant ten years ago due to some circumstances surrounding the survey or people who the study was about. It is possible that the people who partook in the study have lower risk of strike due to their genetic makeup. If either of these scenarios holds true, the conclusion given above is significantly weakened.
Secondly, Does consumption of caffeinated black tea and black tea means the same thing? In addition, does all black tea contain caffeine? Perhaps, it is possible that the reduction in the risk if stroke is due to the caffeine contained in the black tea but the recommendation is that health conscious people should consume at least three cup of black tea. If they keep consuming black tea without caffeine, then the assumption is based on faulty reasoning.
Finally, can the reduction in stroke not be attributed to other reasons? Perhaps the men who partook in the survey where consuming other things apart from the black tea which reduced their incidence of stroke. Perhaps it might be due to the fact that the mean under survey where leaving a healthy life because they were under study and this the health lifestyle was responsible for the reduction in the risk of having stroke.
In sum, as the argument stands, it is not well substantiated and based on unwarranted assumption and so it is logically flawed. Inorder to be able to critically analyze this argument, the three questions would have to be answered and perhaps, a current day scientific study that presents facts in form of data will make possible to fully evaluate the recommendation that people who are conscious of their health should start consuming black tea early in life.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-07-31 | Jumoke Victoria Olorunleke | 60 | view |
- The value of a civilization is reflected in its artistic creations rather than in its scientific accomplishments 58
- Imaginative works such as novels plays films fairy tales and legends present a more accurate and meaningful picture of human experience than do factual accounts Because the creators of fiction shape and focus reality rather than report on it literally the 83
- The following appeared in a report of the Committee on Faculty Promotions and Salaries at Elm City University During her seventeen years as a professor of botany Professor Thomas has proved herself to be well worth her annual salary of 50 000 Her classes 78
- People are mistaken when they assume that the problems they confront are more complex and challenging than the problem faced by their predecessors This illusion is eventually dispelled with increase in knowledge and experience 70
- The society should prepare young people for leadership role in government and in industry by teaching a sense of cooperation rather than competition 62
Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 3.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 10 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 2 2
No. of Sentences: 17 15
No. of Words: 415 350
No. of Characters: 1971 1500
No. of Different Words: 186 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.513 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.749 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.589 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 126 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 89 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 63 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 43 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 24.412 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 12.267 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.706 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.349 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.465 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.115 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 3 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ted, three questions must be answered. To begin with, does the result of a stud...
^^^^^^
Line 2, column 244, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...sed as a generalisation for every body? Perhaps, the study was only relevant ten...
^^
Line 3, column 339, Rule ID: CD_NN[1]
Message: Possible agreement error. The noun 'cup' seems to be countable, so consider using: 'cups'.
Suggestion: cups
...us people should consume at least three cup of black tea. If they keep consuming bl...
^^^
Line 4, column 10, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...is based on faulty reasoning. Finally, can the reduction in stroke not be attri...
^^
Line 5, column 110, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...d on unwarranted assumption and so it is logically flawed. Inorder to be able to ...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, however, if, second, secondly, so, still, then, well, apart from, at least, in addition, in other words, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 25.0 19.6327345309 127% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 12.9520958084 77% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 11.1786427146 81% => OK
Relative clauses : 19.0 13.6137724551 140% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 28.8173652695 101% => OK
Preposition: 54.0 55.5748502994 97% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 16.3942115768 91% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2012.0 2260.96107784 89% => OK
No of words: 415.0 441.139720559 94% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.84819277108 5.12650576532 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.51348521516 4.56307096286 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.64841530797 2.78398813304 95% => OK
Unique words: 189.0 204.123752495 93% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.455421686747 0.468620217663 97% => OK
syllable_count: 611.1 705.55239521 87% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 4.96107784431 101% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.76447105788 57% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 2.70958083832 148% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.67365269461 0% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 4.22255489022 142% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 19.7664670659 86% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 69.0899318651 57.8364921388 119% => OK
Chars per sentence: 118.352941176 119.503703932 99% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.4117647059 23.324526521 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.76470588235 5.70786347227 136% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 8.20758483034 37% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.67664670659 192% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.310225988363 0.218282227539 142% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.104828223074 0.0743258471296 141% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0648926865496 0.0701772020484 92% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.172553596783 0.128457276422 134% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0639813717896 0.0628817314937 102% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.6 14.3799401198 95% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 48.3550499002 115% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 12.197005988 94% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.15 12.5979740519 89% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.83 8.32208582834 94% => OK
difficult_words: 79.0 98.500998004 80% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.9071856287 101% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.