The series of recent success of unmanned flights to space mission has been able to gather a lot of information. So more resources should be provided for such unmanned flights because of the higher risk and cost involved in manned missions.
The opinion given to the national aeronautics magazine states that further investment in space research should be done in unmanned space flights, not in manned space flights. this argument is mainly based on the evidence that, the risk and cost involved in manned flights are much higher than that of unmanned flights. Although, the conclusion provided in the letter may be plausible, but it is based on many assumptions and most of which are unwarranted as explained below.
First of all, what if the success series of unmanned flights,as stated in the argument cannot not be taken as a rigid fact for conducting all space research? It is possible, that such flights were conducted in a less hostile ambiance in less distances, less risky endeavors, less important research. If this was true, then the conclusion may not hold water. For instance,there may be a research experiment in future, where flights are to be made in a far way planet where no such unmanned flights have been taken previously or the possibility of taking unmanned flights is null. Can the result of such important research simply, be abandoned because no such expeditions were performed previously by unmanned flights?
Secondly, does only higher risk and cost, shows that manned flights have less efficiency as compared to unmanned flights? It is plausible, that space flights require much more than less risk and less cost and some other characters that are not found in inanimate flights. The cognitive and reasoning ability oh humans are far superior than any other beings, and even though artificial intelligence has been able to imitate some of this skills, still they are not at par with human brain. Space flights are very important expeditions and a slight "miss" in a small place may render the whole mission unsuccessful. In such conditions, the intellectual ability of human, may prove much superior than a "can of tin".If this is considered then the conclusion derived in the claim becomes highly tenuous. Unless, unmanned flights are made at par with human intellectual, the ability of man flights cannot be solely disregarded.
Additionally, what if the unmanned flights are only able to gather those information which are programmed in them, and not other additional information, even if they are much more vital? If this was the case then, the claim may not be plausible. This is because, space flights are highly mysterious adventures, no one can ascertain for sure, what will be obtained as a result. In such a case, the "adventurer", must be fully prepared to face any circumstances and gather any additional information as it is seen. It is possible that during a mission, an unexpected circumstance is faced and the inanimate flight is not able to gather information about such conditions. So, unless the unmanned flight can gather all the information as it sees, they cannot be considered superior to manned flights.
In conclusion, the claim needs to answer the above three questions, if it is to hold water. In the present condition, the assumptions taken are unwarranted and they may backfire on the claim that unmanned flights should be prioritized than manned flights.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-09-10 | prayashpathak | 69 | view |
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.0 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 21 15
No. of Words: 526 350
No. of Characters: 2578 1500
No. of Different Words: 217 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.789 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.901 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.684 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 181 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 139 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 100 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 64 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 25.048 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.095 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.667 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.342 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.529 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.082 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 104, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hat further investment in space research should be done in unmanned space flight...
^^
Line 1, column 123, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ent in space research should be done in unmanned space flights, not in manned sp...
^^
Line 1, column 178, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: This
...e flights, not in manned space flights. this argument is mainly based on the evidenc...
^^^^
Line 5, column 61, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , as
...f the success series of unmanned flights,as stated in the argument cannot not be ta...
^^^
Line 5, column 238, Rule ID: FEWER_LESS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'fewer'? The noun distances is countable.
Suggestion: fewer
...conducted in a less hostile ambiance in less distances, less risky endeavors, less i...
^^^^
Line 5, column 371, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , there
...clusion may not hold water. For instance,there may be a research experiment in future,...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 407, Rule ID: IN_PAST[1]
Message: Did you mean: 'in the future'?
Suggestion: in the future
...ance,there may be a research experiment in future, where flights are to be made in a far ...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 447, Rule ID: IN_A_X_MANNER[1]
Message: Consider replacing "in a far way" with adverb for "far"; eg, "in a hasty manner" with "hastily".
...in future, where flights are to be made in a far way planet where no such unmanned flights h...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 336, Rule ID: SUPERIOR_THAN[1]
Message: The adjective superior is normally used with 'to'.
Suggestion: to
...ning ability oh humans are far superior than any other beings, and even though artif...
^^^^
Line 9, column 432, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...igence has been able to imitate some of this skills, still they are not at par with ...
^^^^
Line 9, column 703, Rule ID: SUPERIOR_THAN[1]
Message: The adjective superior is normally used with 'to'.
Suggestion: to
...ility of human, may prove much superior than a 'can of tin'.If this is co...
^^^^
Line 9, column 708, Rule ID: EN_A_VS_AN
Message: Use 'an' instead of 'a' if the following word starts with a vowel sound, e.g. 'an article', 'an hour'
Suggestion: an
... of human, may prove much superior than a 'can of tin'.If this is cons...
^
Line 9, column 733, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: If
... superior than a 'can of tin'.If this is considered then the conclusion...
^^
Line 9, column 733, Rule ID: SENTENCE_FRAGMENT[1]
Message: “If” at the beginning of a sentence requires a 2nd clause. Maybe a comma, question or exclamation mark is missing, or the sentence is incomplete and should be joined with the following sentence.
... superior than a 'can of tin'.If this is considered then the conclusion...
^^
Line 9, column 740, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...or than a 'can of tin'.If this is considered then the conclusion derive...
^^
Line 13, column 68, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[2]
Message: Did you mean 'this information' or 'those informations'?
Suggestion: this information; those informations
...nmanned flights are only able to gather those information which are programmed in them, and not o...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 367, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...rtain for sure, what will be obtained as a result. In such a case, the 'adve...
^^
Line 17, column 80, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...r the above three questions, if it is to hold water. In the present condition, th...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, if, may, second, secondly, so, still, then, for instance, in conclusion, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 43.0 19.6327345309 219% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 18.0 12.9520958084 139% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 11.1786427146 125% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 13.6137724551 95% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 28.8173652695 97% => OK
Preposition: 50.0 55.5748502994 90% => OK
Nominalization: 15.0 16.3942115768 91% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2698.0 2260.96107784 119% => OK
No of words: 523.0 441.139720559 119% => OK
Chars per words: 5.1586998088 5.12650576532 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.78217453174 4.56307096286 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.96968242512 2.78398813304 107% => OK
Unique words: 230.0 204.123752495 113% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.439770554493 0.468620217663 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 826.2 705.55239521 117% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.76447105788 126% => OK
Subordination: 7.0 2.70958083832 258% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 3.0 1.67365269461 179% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 22.0 19.7664670659 111% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 22.8473053892 101% => OK
Sentence length SD: 40.6757994532 57.8364921388 70% => OK
Chars per sentence: 122.636363636 119.503703932 103% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.7727272727 23.324526521 102% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.40909090909 5.70786347227 77% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 18.0 5.25449101796 343% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 6.88822355289 102% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.67664670659 128% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.424566138749 0.218282227539 195% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.129004432127 0.0743258471296 174% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0859437057333 0.0701772020484 122% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.236280850756 0.128457276422 184% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0532724638462 0.0628817314937 85% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.8 14.3799401198 103% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 48.13 48.3550499002 100% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 12.197005988 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.94 12.5979740519 103% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.04 8.32208582834 97% => OK
difficult_words: 108.0 98.500998004 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 12.3882235529 105% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 11.1389221557 101% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 66.67 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 4.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.