Asthma
Asthma is ussually seen as a condition whose symptoms can be adequately controlled with the right medicines. Researchers point out that it is an intermittent disorder,characterized by temporary bouts of inflammation of the airways,which lead to typical symptoms such as wheezing,coughing and shortness of breath;after each episode(often known as an attack),symptoms subside and the airways return to normal.
Asthmatics tend to be susceptible to certain triggers in the environment. These include but are not restricted to animal fur,pollen, cigarette smoke,house dust mites and perfumes. Attacks can also be brought on by exercise,emotional sters or a variety of other factors including respiratory infections such as the common cold.
During an episode of asthma, the bronchial tubes and the smaller tubes dividing off from these,known as bronchioles,become narrow or blocked and as a result air can't get in or out of the lungs easily. There are two basic causes behind bronchial narrowing: either the bronchi and bronchioles are squeezed by muscles wrapped arround them rather like elastic bands,or they become blocked by mucus and swelling inside the tubes themselves.When the bronchi are constricted ,the condition is called bronchoconstriction. Occasional squeezing of the bronchi is normal, but in asthma sufferers these muscles may react too sensitively to environmental triggers. It is also a normal function of the bronchial tubes to produce mucus and,in concert with tiny hairs called cilia, to trap inhaled irritants and remove them from the body,thus protecting the lungs. But some asthmatics produce an overabundance of mucus,and this results in blocked airways and consequent asthmatic symptoms.
Summarize the points made in the lecture you heard,explaining how they cast doubt on the points made in the reading.
The reading passage talks about a health condition named asthma, about the factors that lead to this disease and about the symptoms of this health problem.
First, the reading passage states that after an episode called generically attack, characterized by wheezing, coughing or shortness of breath, the inflamed airways return to normal. On the contrary, in the listening passage, the lecturer cast doubt on the idea presented in the reading by arguing that according to some new findings in this medical field, the airways are continuously narrowed. He states that remodeling of the airways would...
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Attribute Value Ideal
Score: 26 in 30
Category: Very Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 9 12
No. of Words: 229 250
No. of Characters: 1193 1200
No. of Different Words: 117 150
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 3.89 4.2
Average Word Length: 5.21 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.607 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 104 80
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 79 60
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 44 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 24 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 25.444 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.057 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.667 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.444 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.684 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.135 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 4 4