discovery of the Americas
The reading passage argues that a chinese fleet landed on the Americas around the year 1421 before Columbus' epic voyage. However, the speaker in the lecture casts doubt on the claims made in the article. He asserts that the ideas in the passage are utterly false and without any merit.
To begin with, the author cites evidence from an underwater structure that resembles a road or a dock with a chinese pattern. In addition, the stones seem to have been arranged on purpose. Nevertheless, the lecturer offsets this argument by declaring that this road-like structure is a natural limestone formation. Moreover, a geologist has clarified that the breaks and cracks in the beach rock made it look as if it was intentionally designed. The lecturer further elaborates that other similar rocks have been discovered in the Bahamas.
Secondly, the writer mentions that the stone anchors with holes in the middle unearthed at Palos verdes in California have a unique pattern only used by the chinese and these anchors could have been made by the visiting fleet. In contrast, the lecturer holds that these anchors are a hundred years old only and this refutes the conviction that they were built in the fifteenth century. The more plausible explanation is that they were made by chinese fishermen who came to the state as immigrants and made the anchors the same way their ancestors did.
Lastly, the excerpt contends that the Newport tower in Rode Island is in the shape of a chinese lighthouse and carbon dating has confirmed that it dates to the fifteenth century, which could lend some support for a chinese expedition before Columbus. The lecturer, on the other hand, brings up the fact that it actually looks like an English windmill and points out that it was possibly owned by the Arnold family. Furthermore, the dating methods, according to the professor, concluded that it is from the seventeenth century.
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| 2023-06-29 | Vivian Chang | 73 | view |
| 2023-02-18 | reza_fattahi | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 13, column 528, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...hat it is from the seventeenth century.
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, furthermore, however, if, lastly, look, moreover, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, in addition, in contrast, to begin with, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 30.0 22.412803532 134% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 41.0 30.3222958057 135% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1606.0 1373.03311258 117% => OK
No of words: 320.0 270.72406181 118% => OK
Chars per words: 5.01875 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.22948505376 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56435717761 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 183.0 145.348785872 126% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.571875 0.540411800872 106% => OK
syllable_count: 499.5 419.366225166 119% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 13.0 8.23620309051 158% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 51.798323588 49.2860985944 105% => OK
Chars per sentence: 114.714285714 110.228320801 104% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.8571428571 21.698381199 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 11.0 7.06452816374 156% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0216052709227 0.272083759551 8% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0080170920822 0.0996497079465 8% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0289060365825 0.0662205650399 44% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0180870948498 0.162205337803 11% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0313277672411 0.0443174109184 71% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.6 13.3589403974 102% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 49.15 53.8541721854 91% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.9 11.0289183223 108% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.13 12.2367328918 99% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.17 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 90.0 63.6247240618 141% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.