As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed-upon explanation, there are three competing theories.
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.
A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.
The Setlements of the chaco canyon in mexico have been notable for their "great houses"which are characterized by gigantic stone buildings with hundreds of rooms, often three or four storeys talls. The reading passage presents three posited theory which the speaker in the listening section disavows. The summarization of the points made in this passage and the counterpoints presented by the speaker in argument are done in the following paragraphs.
Firstly, the reading passage states a theory that the Chaco structures might have been residential which had the capacity to accommodate hundreds of people. The theory is supported by the apparent similarity of the chaco buildings with well known apartment buildings at Taos, in New Mexico, which have housed people for centuries. The speaker argues that though it may seem to be an apartment or residential buildings from the outside, the insides of the houses don't justify the same. The speaker states the insides of the houses which had enough rooms and space to accommodate around hundred families should have had large number fireplaces but Chaco buildings have only few fireplaces, enough for ten families.
Secondly, the reading passage introduces a theory that the this buildings could have been used for storage of food supplies like grain maze. Grain maze could be stored for long periods of time as it did not get spoiled easily and thus required places to store it in for future use. The speaker remonstrates that this theory has no evidence to bolster it as archaelogists have not found a single grain during excavation and it is not possible that a place that was used as a place to store grains would not have ant left over or spilt grains, to be discovered.
Lastly, the reading passage states that these houses could have been used for ceremonial purposes and cites the presence of an enormous mound called Pueblo Alto near one such house. The excavations in the pueblo alto, a large number of broken pots putatively suggested that people used to gather for ceremonial purposes and the mound was the result of the discarded pots after a festive meal. Similar ceremonies have been on record for other native american cultures which might be a possible explanation. The speaker however dismisses the claims in this theory stating that there were a lot of other things that were found in the pueblo alto excavation other than broken pots. The large quantities of building and construction materials like sand and stone, disinterred from the mound can suggest that it can be just a trash stie and the broken pots might have been the leftover by the construction workers.
Thus, the above points made by the passage and contradictions by the speaker are summarized.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 312, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...aker in the listening section disavows. The summarization of the points made in thi...
^^^
Line 2, column 463, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
... the outside, the insides of the houses dont justify the same. The speaker states th...
^^^^
Line 2, column 486, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...es of the houses dont justify the same. The speaker states the insides of the house...
^^^
Line 3, column 56, Rule ID: DT_DT[2]
Message: Maybe you need to remove the second determiner so that only 'the' or 'this' is left.
Suggestion: the; this
...eading passage introduces a theory that the this buildings could have been used for stor...
^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 60, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...ng passage introduces a theory that the this buildings could have been used for stor...
^^^^
Line 4, column 218, Rule ID: LARGE_NUMBER_OF[1]
Message: Specify a number, remove phrase, or simply use 'many' or 'numerous'
Suggestion: many; numerous
...se. The excavations in the pueblo alto, a large number of broken pots putatively suggested that p...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, firstly, however, if, lastly, may, second, secondly, thus, well
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 20.0 10.4613686534 191% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 11.0 5.04856512141 218% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 14.0 7.30242825607 192% => OK
Relative clauses : 17.0 12.0772626932 141% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 53.0 30.3222958057 175% => OK
Nominalization: 12.0 5.01324503311 239% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2290.0 1373.03311258 167% => OK
No of words: 454.0 270.72406181 168% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.04405286344 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.61598047577 4.04702891845 114% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.68200185746 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 218.0 145.348785872 150% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.480176211454 0.540411800872 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 709.2 419.366225166 169% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 16.0 8.23620309051 194% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 28.0 21.2450331126 132% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 48.8594924247 49.2860985944 99% => OK
Chars per sentence: 143.125 110.228320801 130% => OK
Words per sentence: 28.375 21.698381199 131% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.6875 7.06452816374 66% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.172141781873 0.272083759551 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0619786838578 0.0996497079465 62% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0790742704038 0.0662205650399 119% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0950908896697 0.162205337803 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0810390167994 0.0443174109184 183% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.5 13.3589403974 124% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 43.06 53.8541721854 80% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 14.2 11.0289183223 129% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.25 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.43 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 98.0 63.6247240618 154% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 13.2 10.498013245 126% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.