As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico,in which many people have been living for centuries.
A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.
As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico,in which many people have been living for centuries.
A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.
Word Count: 257
The reading and the lecture have conflicting views on what was the purpose of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico. The former provides threes theories of supposed to be the buliding roles. The latter, however, says that the arguments in the reading are not convincing.
First, the lecturer claims that the outside of Chao structures look like they were residential.However, the inside of the building shows other story. In the Chao there are only few fire places in each house, which explain that only few people could have lived there not houndreds of tenants as the reading suggests. Hence, the professor opposes the author's point that Chaco structures were residention for hunderds of people in each house.
Second, the lecturer contends that the evidence from the ruins provides no trace of grains like maize, also there is also no presence of conatiners. If these buildings were the storage for foods we should found some remains of grains however there are none at the site. As a result, the lecturer refutes the writer's point that these houses were used as grain stocks.
Finally, the spaeaker argues that presence of remains of pots on the sites can't just prove that these houses where used as events venues. He points out that in the structures there numerous construction materials like briks and sand. It is probably possible that the pots seen there are trash of contruction workers not the pots used in ceremonies. Consequenly, he cahllenges the argument made in the reading that thes Chaco houses were used as events centers.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 152, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , &apos
...ere notable for their 'great houses,' massive stone buildings that contain h...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 384, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , in
...ment buildings' at Taos, New Mexico,in which many people have been living for ...
^^^
Line 12, column 96, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: However
...uctures look like they were residential.However, the inside of the building shows other...
^^^^^^^
Line 14, column 189, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... If these buildings were the storage for foods we should found some remains of gr...
^^
Line 16, column 76, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...resence of remains of pots on the sites cant just prove that these houses where used...
^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, hence, however, if, look, second, so, still, then, third, well, while, in particular, as a result
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 28.0 10.4613686534 268% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 21.0 12.0772626932 174% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 22.412803532 129% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 62.0 30.3222958057 204% => Less preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 10.0 5.01324503311 199% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2864.0 1373.03311258 209% => Less number of characters wanted.
No of words: 550.0 270.72406181 203% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.20727272727 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.84273464058 4.04702891845 120% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.72375530751 2.5805825403 106% => OK
Unique words: 285.0 145.348785872 196% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.518181818182 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 867.6 419.366225166 207% => syllable counts are too long.
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 14.0 8.23620309051 170% => OK
Subordination: 4.0 1.25165562914 320% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 6.0 2.5761589404 233% => Less preposition wanted as sentence beginnings.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 28.0 13.0662251656 214% => Too many sentences.
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 40.4319155608 49.2860985944 82% => OK
Chars per sentence: 102.285714286 110.228320801 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.6428571429 21.698381199 91% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.25 7.06452816374 60% => OK
Paragraphs: 8.0 4.09492273731 195% => Less paragraphs wanted.
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 14.0 4.27373068433 328% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.345923226579 0.272083759551 127% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0781694363535 0.0996497079465 78% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.143963242693 0.0662205650399 217% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.158105433031 0.162205337803 97% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.189179278944 0.0443174109184 427% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.9 13.3589403974 97% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.19 53.8541721854 97% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.94 12.2367328918 106% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.48 8.42419426049 101% => OK
difficult_words: 136.0 63.6247240618 214% => Less difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Maximum four paragraphs wanted.
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.