Genetic modification, a process used to change an organism’s genes and hence its characteristics, is now being used to improve trees through genetic modification. It is possible to create trees that produce more fruit, grow faster, or withstand adverse conditions. Planting genetically modified trees on a large scale promises to bring a number of benefits.
First, genetically modified trees are designed to be hardier than nature trees; that is, they are more likely to survive than their unmodified counterparts. In Hawaii, for example, a new pest-resistant species of papaya trees has been developed in response to ring spot virus infections that have repeatedly damaged the native papaya tree population. Planting the genetically modified papayas has largely put an end to the ringspot problem.
Moreover, genetically modified trees promise to bring a number of economic benefits to those who grow them. Genetically modified trees tend to grow faster, give greater yields of food, fruit, or other products and be hardier. This allows tree farmer to get faster and greater returns on their farming investment and save on pesticides as well.
Finally, the use of genetically modified trees can prevent overexploitation of wild trees. Because of the growing demand for firewood and building timber, many forests around the world are being cut down faster than they can be replaced. Introducing genetically modified trees,designed for fast growth and high yield in given geographic conditions,would satisfy the demand for wood in many of those areas and save the endangered native trees, which often include unique or rare species.
The reading and listening materials have a conflict of opinions about the genetically modified trees. The author believes that it's beneficial to humans and nature, Which is contradicted by the following speaker.
First, the author explains that genetically modified trees are hardy and tend to survive unfavorable environmental conditions. However, the professor refutes this point by explaining that it is true that modified trees can be extremely resistant to one condition like parasite or drought but they lake diversity of unmodified trees. According to the professor among the unmodified population, There is always some individual who is resistant to a certain unfavorable condition, Therefore no matter what happens part of the population always survive. This factor is simply not true for modified trees because they are uniform and share common traits.
Second, the author argues that genetically modified trees have economic benefits for farmers for they grow faster and can produce and yield more crops. The professor opposes this by saying that modified seeds are more expensive and farmers have to pay to the producer for each time they plant that seed. Due to this point, the made argument is not valid.
Lastly, the author claims that with using modified trees we can preserve native trees. According to the author because of the growing demand of woods especially fire and timber woods, Many forests around the world being cut down faster than they can be replaced. Modified trees can prevent this overexploitation for they grow fast and can replace unmodified trees as a source of wood. However, the speaker refutes this by explaining that modified trees have an aggressive growth and therefore compete with unmodified trees for nutritive materials. This competition would result in a wipeout of unmodified trees.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-12-02 | change_gc | 85 | view |
| 2019-10-24 | alta | 90 | view |
| 2019-10-24 | alta | 90 | view |
| 2019-10-15 | maryam_torabi | 80 | view |
| 2019-09-27 | farshad_hom | 80 | view |
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, if, lastly, second, so, therefore, it is true
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 7.30242825607 164% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 7.0 5.01324503311 140% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1552.0 1373.03311258 113% => OK
No of words: 289.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 5.37024221453 5.08290768461 106% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.12310562562 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.69805237091 2.5805825403 105% => OK
Unique words: 156.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.539792387543 0.540411800872 100% => OK
syllable_count: 480.6 419.366225166 115% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 47.8951341741 49.2860985944 97% => OK
Chars per sentence: 110.857142857 110.228320801 101% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.6428571429 21.698381199 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.71428571429 7.06452816374 67% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.160491986133 0.272083759551 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0618699791264 0.0996497079465 62% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0467873143526 0.0662205650399 71% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.099605450531 0.162205337803 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0325750983055 0.0443174109184 74% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.2 13.3589403974 106% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 42.72 53.8541721854 79% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.3 11.0289183223 112% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.87 12.2367328918 113% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.67 8.42419426049 103% => OK
difficult_words: 74.0 63.6247240618 116% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 12.5 10.7273730684 117% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.