Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable, especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis. First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis. Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food. Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration. The finding that edmonotsaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis. Finally, edmonosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which is certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winters
In the reading passage, the author discusses three kinds of the reasons to illustrates that the Edmontosaurus were migrating to find the food supply beacause of the lack of the food sources in the arctic climate, while the lecturer claims that what the reading passage states is not convincing and disputes those reasons presented in the reading passage by several proofs.
First, the belief in the reading passage is that diets of Edmontosaurus shows that they were migrating because they need enormous vegetation supplies on their diets to live. Additionally, the climate in the winter not allow to any kind of vegetation to grow, while the lecturer refutes this claim by saying on that time climate on the Arctica were warmer than now besides the sun was shine for 25 hours and support the growth of vegetation, therefore, Edmontosaurus didn’t need to migrate to obtain better food supply in the winter.
Second, the writer claims that Edmontosaurus lived in herds and their skeletons were found in the different sites which shows the truth of the migration hypothesis. However, the lecturer demonstrates a different idea she says that animal lives in herd to protect themselves from predators and uses rozav elk as an example which lives in a herd, but don't migrate.
Third, the reading passage state that Edmontosaurus were physically capable to migrate. By contrast, the speaker views to this issue from an opposite angle. According to the speaker, just adult Edmontosaurus have the physical capability to migrate not juveniles and if Edmontosaurus live alone their young during the migration, youngest couldn't have lived just by themselves.
All in all, the professor clearly identifies weaknesses in the reading passage and convincingly shows that the central argument in the reading passage, the idea that Edmontosaurus were migrating in the winter to find the food supply, is actually incorrect.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 350, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: don't
...s an example which lives in a herd, but dont migrate. Third, the reading passage ...
^^^^
Line 7, column 338, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: couldn't
...ir young during the migration, youngest couldnt have lived just by themselves. All ...
^^^^^^^
Line 8, column 1, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...couldnt have lived just by themselves. All in all, the professor clearly identi...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, besides, but, first, however, if, second, so, therefore, third, while, kind of
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 21.0 22.412803532 94% => OK
Preposition: 46.0 30.3222958057 152% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1618.0 1373.03311258 118% => OK
No of words: 307.0 270.72406181 113% => OK
Chars per words: 5.27035830619 5.08290768461 104% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.18585898806 4.04702891845 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.8048572255 2.5805825403 109% => OK
Unique words: 159.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.517915309446 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 495.9 419.366225166 118% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 34.0 21.2450331126 160% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 100.428464806 49.2860985944 204% => The lengths of sentences changed so frequently.
Chars per sentence: 179.777777778 110.228320801 163% => OK
Words per sentence: 34.1111111111 21.698381199 157% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.77777777778 7.06452816374 138% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0550968710027 0.272083759551 20% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0260421413204 0.0996497079465 26% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0102097317345 0.0662205650399 15% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0325803900913 0.162205337803 20% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0132324672917 0.0443174109184 30% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 20.4 13.3589403974 153% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 36.97 53.8541721854 69% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 5.55761589404 202% => Smog_index is high.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 16.6 11.0289183223 151% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.88 12.2367328918 113% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.03 8.42419426049 107% => OK
difficult_words: 72.0 63.6247240618 113% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 19.0 10.7273730684 177% => OK
gunning_fog: 15.6 10.498013245 149% => OK
text_standard: 19.0 11.2008830022 170% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.