Many countries require cigarette smokers to pay particularly high taxes on their purchases of cigarettes; similar taxes are being considered for unhealthy foods. The policy of imposing high taxes on cigarettes and other unhealthy products has a number of social benefits.
First of all, the taxes discourage people from indulging in unhealthy behaviors. Raising taxes on cigarettes, for instance, leads people to buy fewer of them. Smoking has declined as taxes on tobacco have risen, showing that these taxes do work to make society healthier. It can be expected that imposing similar taxes on unhealthy food and beverages would help reduce obesity rates.
Second, taxes of this kind are financially fair. When people get sick as a result of their smoking or eating unhealthy foods, they create medical costs. It is unfair that everyone in the society, including nonsmokers and people who follow a healthy diet, should contribute equally to covering these costs. Taxing people who engage in unhealthy behaviors creates extra income that can be used to cover the medical costs. In this way, some of the financial burden is shifted from all of society to just those who choose to participate in the unhealthy activities.
Finally, the high rate of taxation on cigarettes significantly increases revenue for the government. In addition to using this tax revenue on medical assistance, governments often use the revenue for other projects that benefit public welfare, such as building stadiums or creating public parks. Even basic government-supported services like public education benefit from these taxes. Thus, the taxes on cigarettes, and the proposed taxes on unhealthy foods, benefit everyone.
Both of the reading and the lecturer discuss the influences of higher taxes of cigarettes and unhealty products. The reading believes that high taxes of these products has some benefites, while the professor contracts the reading's argument.
First of all, the reading of the passage states that the raising taxes on cigarettes force people do not use that, so the society will be in healthy way more than now. The lecturer rebuts this statement by asserting that higher cigarettes' taxes encourage people to use the cheaper ones that have less quality, thus the cheaper ones makes more harms to their bodies probably and smokers will be in high healty risk situation.
Secondly, the author of the reading mentions that high taxes on cigarettes and unhealty food can be fair because the cigarettes users usually need more medical care than nonsmokers and these taxes will be used in medical costs but the lecturer disagrees that idea. He points out higher taxes on cigarettes and unhealty food is unfair decision because the amount of the taxes will be a bigger burdon on low incomer smokers than high earnings smokers.
Finaly, the author of the reading passage says the high rate of taxation on cigarettes and unhealty food increases amount of goverment's revenue and can be used in govermental projects, however the professor believes that the goverment goal is not improve the health of societies because they can prevent people from smoking by banning some poblic and private areas instead of increasing the taxes.But dont want loose this income.
- Summarise the points made in the lecture being sure to explain how they case doubt on specific points made in the reading passage TPO 21 70
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 223, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'readings'' or 'reading's'?
Suggestion: readings'; reading's
...ites, while the professor contracts the readings argument. First of all, the reading of...
^^^^^^^^
Line 4, column 48, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... the aouther of the reading passahe says the high rate of taxation on cigarettes ...
^^
Line 4, column 89, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... the high rate of taxation on cigarettes and unhealty food increases amount of go...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, second, secondly, so, thus, while, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 6.0 10.4613686534 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 6.0 5.04856512141 119% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 14.0 22.412803532 62% => OK
Preposition: 23.0 30.3222958057 76% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1045.0 1373.03311258 76% => OK
No of words: 205.0 270.72406181 76% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.09756097561 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.78388967377 4.04702891845 93% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.47232871605 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 105.0 145.348785872 72% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.512195121951 0.540411800872 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 326.7 419.366225166 78% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 7.0 13.0662251656 54% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 29.0 21.2450331126 137% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 53.8755178961 49.2860985944 109% => OK
Chars per sentence: 149.285714286 110.228320801 135% => OK
Words per sentence: 29.2857142857 21.698381199 135% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.71428571429 7.06452816374 138% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.323451172786 0.272083759551 119% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.172529448084 0.0996497079465 173% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0523688379463 0.0662205650399 79% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.203291261808 0.162205337803 125% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.069952092849 0.0443174109184 158% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 17.2 13.3589403974 129% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 42.04 53.8541721854 78% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 14.6 11.0289183223 132% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.89 12.2367328918 105% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.7 8.42419426049 103% => OK
difficult_words: 47.0 63.6247240618 74% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 13.6 10.498013245 130% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 71.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.