One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.
A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.
In this set of materials, the author strongly postulates that the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico were known for their great houses and provides three theories to endorse its idea. On the other hand, the professor refutes these three theories by giving solid reasons.
First and foremost, the passage begins by explaining the first theory which is that the Chaco structures were used for residential purposes and have apartment buildings where hundreds of families live. In response, the professor explains that from the outside maybe it looks like residential buildings but when you observe from the inside it doesn't prove that. There are some fireplaces and rooms as compared to the number of families mentioned in the passage.
Moreover, the professor in the lecture focuses on the details that may be sound plausible that the Chaco Canyon buildings were used for storing maize but there were no traces of maize and drums which contained the maize. These claims refute the author's implication of using these buildings for food supply and for storing maize.
Ultimately, the article wraps its arguments by explaining that maybe these buildings were used for ceremonial purposes because there were traces of broken pots in which people used to eat at ceremonies. However, the professor in the listening refutes this theory by insisting that there other materials like sand and stones are also on the site which indicates that the site was used as trash hype for construction material.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-02-12 | Mona malik | 80 | view |
- In an effort to encourage ecologically sustainable forestry practices an international organization started issuing certifications to wood companies that meet high ecological standards by conserving resources and recycling materials Companies that receive 3
- Toward the end of his life the Chevalier de Seingalt 1725 1798 wrote a long memoir recounting his life and adventures The Chevalier was a somewhat controversial figure but since he met many famous people including kings and writers his memoir has become a 80
- A recent study reveals that people especially young people are reading far less literature novels plays and poems than they used to This is troubling because the trend has unfortunate effects for the reading public for culture in general and for the futur 80
- The sea otter is a small mammal that lives in waters along the western coast of North America from California to Alaska When some sea otter populations off the Alaskan coast started rapidly declining a few years ago it caused much concern because sea otte 71
- In the United States employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day However many employees want to work a four day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their employee 73
Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 342, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...but when you observe from the inside it doesnt prove that. There are some fireplaces a...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 245, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...ined the maize. These claims refute the authors implication of using these buildings fo...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, look, may, moreover, so, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 21.0 22.412803532 94% => OK
Preposition: 31.0 30.3222958057 102% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1255.0 1373.03311258 91% => OK
No of words: 244.0 270.72406181 90% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.14344262295 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.95227774224 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48895369311 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 132.0 145.348785872 91% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.540983606557 0.540411800872 100% => OK
syllable_count: 390.6 419.366225166 93% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 27.0 21.2450331126 127% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 51.0564925558 49.2860985944 104% => OK
Chars per sentence: 139.444444444 110.228320801 127% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.1111111111 21.698381199 125% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.66666666667 7.06452816374 109% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.162737915598 0.272083759551 60% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0689851876581 0.0996497079465 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0674476562671 0.0662205650399 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.105866198046 0.162205337803 65% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0527737641433 0.0443174109184 119% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.3 13.3589403974 122% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 44.07 53.8541721854 82% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.8 11.0289183223 125% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.83 12.2367328918 105% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.86 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 10.498013245 122% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 342, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...but when you observe from the inside it doesnt prove that. There are some fireplaces a...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 245, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...ined the maize. These claims refute the authors implication of using these buildings fo...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, look, may, moreover, so, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 21.0 22.412803532 94% => OK
Preposition: 31.0 30.3222958057 102% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1255.0 1373.03311258 91% => OK
No of words: 244.0 270.72406181 90% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.14344262295 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.95227774224 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.48895369311 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 132.0 145.348785872 91% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.540983606557 0.540411800872 100% => OK
syllable_count: 390.6 419.366225166 93% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 1.0 3.25607064018 31% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 9.0 13.0662251656 69% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 27.0 21.2450331126 127% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 51.0564925558 49.2860985944 104% => OK
Chars per sentence: 139.444444444 110.228320801 127% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.1111111111 21.698381199 125% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.66666666667 7.06452816374 109% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.162737915598 0.272083759551 60% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0689851876581 0.0996497079465 69% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0674476562671 0.0662205650399 102% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.105866198046 0.162205337803 65% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0527737641433 0.0443174109184 119% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 16.3 13.3589403974 122% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 44.07 53.8541721854 82% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.8 11.0289183223 125% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.83 12.2367328918 105% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.86 8.42419426049 105% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 10.498013245 122% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.