The Salton Sea in California is actually a salty inland lake. The level of salt in the lake's water—what scientists call its salinity—has been increasing steadily for years because the lake's water is evaporating faster than it is being replaced by rainfall or rivers. If the trend continues, the lake's water will soon become so salty that the lake will be unable to support fish and bird populations. The lake would then become essentially a dead zone. Fortunately, there are several ways to reverse the trend that is threatening the lake's health.
One option is direct removal of salt from the lake's water in special desalination facilities. Water from the lake would be pumped into the facilities and heated. This would cause the water to evaporate into steam, while salt and other materials dissolved in the water would be left behind. The steam would then be cooled down and returned to the lake as salt-free water. Gradually, the high salt levels would be reduced and the lake’s overall health would be restored.
Another possible solution is to dilute the salt level in the lake with water from the ocean. Since water in the Pacific Ocean is 20 percent less salty than water in the lake, bringing ocean water into the lake would decrease the lake’s salinity. The ocean water could be delivered through pipelines or canals.
Yet another solution would be to control the lake's salinity by constructing walls to divide the lake into several sections. In the smaller sections, salinity would be allowed to increase. However, in the main and largest section, salinity would be reduced and controlled by, among other things, directing all the freshwater from small rivers in the area to flow into that main section of the lake.
In the reading passage, the author mentions that the Salton Sea in California is a salty inland lake and the level of salt in the lake's water has been rised for years, which will influence the bird population and come up with three solutions for this problem. However, the speaker in the lecture thinks these three solutions are not pratical and rebuts these ideas one by one.
Firstly, the author of the reading passage thinks that removing the salt from the lake's water by desalination facilities. But the lecturer refutes this point. She maintains that this method will bring some problems. For example, if the salt is pumped out from the lake, it will leave some materials. Some of the materials are toxic chemicals and if the wind brings them into the air, it is harmful for people's health.
Secondly, according to the reading, the salt level in the lake can be diluted by the ocean water. Nevertheless, the lecturer disputes this idea. And she asserts that in order to reduce the salt level in the lake, it would need pipelines and canals. However, the distance between the lake and construction site is so farther that it would be expensive to build these pipelines. And the local government is not able to pay for the bill.
Finally, in the reading passage, the author believes that constructing walls to divide the lake into several parts can control the lake's salinity. On the other hand, the speaker thinks that is is not likely to reduce the salt level by doing this. Because the region is likely to have earthquakes and that would tear down those walls, which will let the salt water back into the main region.
- Some parents offer their school-age children money for each high grade (mark) they get in school. Do you think this is a good idea? 70
- Imagine that you are in a classroom or a meeting. The teacher or the meeting leader says something incorrect. In your opinion, which of the following is the best thing to do? 1. Interrupt and correct the mistake right away; 2. Wait until the class or meet 60
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Governments should spend more money in support of the arts than in support of athletics such as state-sponsored Olympic teams. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 73
- Some parents offer their school-age children money for each high grade (mark) they get in school. Do you think this is a good idea? 70
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Because modern life is very complex, it is essential for young people to have the ability to plan and organize.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 70
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 301, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: Some
...the lake, it will leave some materials. Some of the materials are toxic chemicals and if th...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 132, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'lakes'' or 'lake's'?
Suggestion: lakes'; lake's
...lake into several parts can control the lakes salinity. On the other hand, the speake...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 191, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: is
...the other hand, the speaker thinks that is is not likely to reduce the salt level by ...
^^^^^
Line 7, column 321, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ave earthquakes and that would tear down those walls, which will let the salt wat...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, first, firstly, however, if, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, for example, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 33.0 30.3222958057 109% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1345.0 1373.03311258 98% => OK
No of words: 285.0 270.72406181 105% => OK
Chars per words: 4.71929824561 5.08290768461 93% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.10876417139 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.32394629399 2.5805825403 90% => OK
Unique words: 146.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.512280701754 0.540411800872 95% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 412.2 419.366225166 98% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 52.5291876537 49.2860985944 107% => OK
Chars per sentence: 89.6666666667 110.228320801 81% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.0 21.698381199 88% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.26666666667 7.06452816374 103% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.297240588976 0.272083759551 109% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0934232602894 0.0996497079465 94% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0926680444245 0.0662205650399 140% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.187651305387 0.162205337803 116% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0465138180946 0.0443174109184 105% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.3 13.3589403974 77% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 69.11 53.8541721854 128% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.3 11.0289183223 75% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.1 12.2367328918 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.96 8.42419426049 94% => OK
difficult_words: 61.0 63.6247240618 96% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.