The article states that the humpback whales may navigate by the stars and provides three reasons for support. However, the professor explains that even though this theory is fascinating, the evidence is not convincing and refutes each of the author's reasons.
First, the reading claims that the whales seem intelligent enough to use stars to navigate by. Conversely, the professor refutes this point by saying that there is no relation of intelligence and navigation by the stars. He states that other birds like ducks also also inhibit such behavior, but this could be just an instinct.
Second, the article posits that humpback whales, which swim in open ocean, migrate in straight lines and rely on stars for external signs to maintain the direction. In contrast, the professor says that the external object or force needed to be in a straight line is in fact the earth's magnetic field. According to the professor, the whales have bio-magnetite in their brains which makes them sensitive to earth's magnetic field, keeping them in the same direction.
Third, the reading says that humpback whales exhibit a behavior known as spy-hopping, by which the stars provide them with information to navigate by. On the other hand, professor opposes this point by explaining that spy-hopping has nothing to do with navigating by stars. We also learn that animals spy-hop even during the day. Hence, this is a pure speculation.
In this way, the professor shows the weakness of author's points and explains them in the lecture.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 260, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a word
Suggestion: also
.... He states that other birds like ducks also also inhibit such behavior, but this could b...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, conversely, first, hence, however, may, second, so, third, in contrast, in fact, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 7.0 10.4613686534 67% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 23.0 22.412803532 103% => OK
Preposition: 34.0 30.3222958057 112% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1280.0 1373.03311258 93% => OK
No of words: 250.0 270.72406181 92% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.12 5.08290768461 101% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.97635364384 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59785757885 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 138.0 145.348785872 95% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.552 0.540411800872 102% => OK
syllable_count: 371.7 419.366225166 89% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 37.7371789427 49.2860985944 77% => OK
Chars per sentence: 98.4615384615 110.228320801 89% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.2307692308 21.698381199 89% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.38461538462 7.06452816374 119% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 7.0 4.33554083885 161% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.307158204836 0.272083759551 113% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.113016136868 0.0996497079465 113% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.150216180828 0.0662205650399 227% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.167044499547 0.162205337803 103% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.10167238928 0.0443174109184 229% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.42 12.2367328918 101% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.31 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 59.0 63.6247240618 93% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.