Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on the specific points made in the reading passage.
Many countries require cigarette smokers to pay particularly high taxes on their purchases of cigarettes; similar taxes are being considered for unhealthy foods. The policy of imposing high taxes on cigarettes and other unhealthy products has a number of social benefits.
First of all, the taxes discourage people from indulging in unhealthy behaviors. Raising taxes on cigarettes, for instance, leads people to buy fewer of them. Smoking has declined as taxes on tobacco have risen, showing that these taxes do work to make society healthier. It can be expected that imposing similar taxes on unhealthy food and beverages would help reduce obesity rates.
Second, taxes of this kind are financially fair. When people get sick as a result of their smoking or eating unhealthy foods, they create medical costs. It is unfair that everyone in the society—including nonsmokers and people who follow a healthy diet—should contribute equally to covering these costs. Taxing people who engage in unhealthy behaviors creates extra income that can be used to cover the medical costs. In this way, some of the financial burden is shifted from all of society to just those who choose to participate in the unhealthy activities.
Finally, the high rate of taxation on cigarettes significantly increases revenue for the government. In addition to using this tax revenue on medical assistance, governments often use the revenue for other projects that benefit public welfare, such as building stadiums or creating public parks. Even basic government-supported services like public education benefit from these taxes. Thus, the taxes on cigarettes—and the proposed taxes on unhealthy foods—benefit everyone.
According to the passage, it depicted three benefits of imposing high taxes, also other unhealthy products.
First of all, it is believed in the passage that the high taxes lead people to buy fewer of them. But the opinion from the lecture is totally on the reverse for the higher price can force people to buy cheaper and lower quality products which may contain much more unhealthy elements, so greater healthy problems will be followed causing more medical recourse.
Second, the passage illustrate that taxes of this kind are financially fair. But the truth is, if the income of people smoking and purchasing unhealthy food is not taking in count, higher taxes rend an unfair situation. For example, people with lower income and those who have fair income all buy one piece of cigarette a day, it can be a heavy burden for the less earning one.
At last, for the increases revenue of the government. It turns out that the governments depend the money they gain from the cigarette. In this case, in order to not losing the large mount of the income, they won`t build more cigarette smoking places or even ban the cigarette in public. With on doubt, the considerable benefits are in vain.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-08-11 | YIngxin Zhang | 80 | view |
| 2020-03-09 | Harperchan1997 | 70 | view |
| 2020-03-09 | Harperchan1997 | 73 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 18, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'increases'' or 'increase's'?
Suggestion: increases'; increase's
...the less earning one. At last, for the increases revenue of the government. It turns out...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, if, may, second, so, for example, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 5.0 12.0772626932 41% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 13.0 22.412803532 58% => OK
Preposition: 26.0 30.3222958057 86% => OK
Nominalization: 2.0 5.01324503311 40% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 994.0 1373.03311258 72% => OK
No of words: 207.0 270.72406181 76% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.80193236715 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.79308509922 4.04702891845 94% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.39100666668 2.5805825403 93% => OK
Unique words: 129.0 145.348785872 89% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.623188405797 0.540411800872 115% => OK
syllable_count: 312.3 419.366225166 74% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 5.0 3.25607064018 154% => OK
Article: 2.0 8.23620309051 24% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 60.4120021188 49.2860985944 123% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.4 110.228320801 90% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.7 21.698381199 95% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.4 7.06452816374 91% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 2.0 4.33554083885 46% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 2.0 4.27373068433 47% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.140710720884 0.272083759551 52% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0530433092544 0.0996497079465 53% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0349337681704 0.0662205650399 53% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0733527301186 0.162205337803 45% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.030196015253 0.0443174109184 68% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.5 13.3589403974 86% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 53.8541721854 111% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.56 12.2367328918 86% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.37 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 49.0 63.6247240618 77% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.