Toward the end of his life, the Chevalier de Seingalt (1725-1798) wrote a long memoir recounting his life and adventures. The Chevalier was a somewhat controversial figure, but since he met many famous people, including kings and writers, his memoir has become a valuable historical source about European society in the eighteenth century. However, some critics have raised doubts about the accuracy of the memoir. They claim that the Chevalier distorted or invented many events in the memoir to make his life seem more exciting and glamorous than it really was.
For example, in his memoir the Chevalier claims that while living in Switzerland, he was very wealthy, and it is known that he spent a great deal of money there on parties and gambling. However, evidence has recently surfaced that the Chevalier borrowed considerable sums of money from a Swiss merchant. Critics thus argue that if the Chevalier had really been very rich, he would not have needed to borrow money.
Critics are also skeptical about the accuracy of the conversations that the Chevalier records in the memoir between himself and the famous writer Voltaire. No one doubts that the Chevalier and Voltaire met and conversed. However, critics complain that the memoir cannot possibly capture these conversations accurately, because it was written many years after the conversations occurred. Critics point out that it is impossible to remember exact phrases from extended conversations held many years earlier.
Critics have also questioned the memoir's account of the Chevalier's escape from a notorious prison in Venice, Italy. He claims to have escaped the Venetian prison by using a piece of metal to make a hole in the ceiling and climbing through the roof. Critics claim that while such a daring escape makes for enjoyable reading, it is more likely that the Chevaliers jailers were bribed to free him. They point out that the Chevalier had a number of politically well-connected friends in Venice who could have offered a bribe.
In the lecture, women debunks several of the accusation made in the passage about the accuracy and reliability of Chevalier's memoir. She discusses three main topics which are described below.
Firstly, women in the lecture explains why Chevalier needed the loan from Swiss merchants if he was wealthy. She explains, Chevalier had the money in terms of commodities which needed some time to be changed to money. Thus, when he spent all his money on the parties and gambling, he borrowed the money from merchants for a few days until his commodities were exchanged for actual money.
Secondly, she discusses how Chevalier was able to describe exact conversation in his memoir many years later. She explains, Chevalier had a habit of writing down all the important conversation which he had during the day. He later consulted these notes when writing memoir many years later.
Lastly, she elaborates how Chevalier's escape from venetian prison was not by bribing the jailer but by escaping throught the hole he made in the ceiling. She supports this argument by mentioning the Venetian Documents which stated that they had to repair the ceiling of the Chevalier's prison cell after his escape.
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| 2024-03-28 | TANVIR SIDDIKE MOIN | 76 | view |
| 2023-10-04 | 200suranjan | 60 | view |
| 2022-12-10 | Naveena0 | 73 | view |
| 2022-11-07 | anman | 80 | view |
| 2022-11-07 | anman | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
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Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...main topics which are described below. Firstly, women in the lecture explains w...
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Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ities were exchanged for actual money. Secondly, she discusses how Chevalier wa...
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Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
... when writing memoir many years later. Lastly, she elaborates how Chevaliers es...
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, firstly, if, lastly, second, secondly, so, thus
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 6.0 10.4613686534 57% => More to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 0.0 5.04856512141 0% => OK
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 20.0 22.412803532 89% => OK
Preposition: 28.0 30.3222958057 92% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 996.0 1373.03311258 73% => OK
No of words: 196.0 270.72406181 72% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.08163265306 5.08290768461 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.74165738677 4.04702891845 92% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.58477666102 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 114.0 145.348785872 78% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.581632653061 0.540411800872 108% => OK
syllable_count: 302.4 419.366225166 72% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 0.0 8.23620309051 0% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 10.0 13.0662251656 77% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 34.9491058541 49.2860985944 71% => OK
Chars per sentence: 99.6 110.228320801 90% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.6 21.698381199 90% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.9 7.06452816374 84% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.20785340881 0.272083759551 76% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0868485310833 0.0996497079465 87% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0531140536354 0.0662205650399 80% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.123395777553 0.162205337803 76% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0393783551075 0.0443174109184 89% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.3 13.3589403974 92% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.18 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.53 8.42419426049 101% => OK
difficult_words: 49.0 63.6247240618 77% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.