tpo 05
As early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.
A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.
The reading and lecture are both about Chaco Canyon settlement. The author of the reading feels that those buildings had contained hundred of the room and the author presents some of the reasons how the building was used. The lecturer challenged the claim made by the author. He is on the opinion that unfortunately, none of the argument about Chaco is convincing.
To begin with, the author argues that Chaco buildings structure was like the recent Southwest societies which clear that it was purely residential. He also states that these type of building were used for living for several centuries in the Taos and New Mexico. The specific argument is challenged by the lecturer. He claims that outside house looked like ancient but inside of the building was different. He also mentions that if a hundred of people lived there should be more firehouse but found only a few. Moreover, the rooms also limited.
Second, the author suggests that Chaco houses used for a store for long periods without spoils. The lecturer rebuts this by mentioning that if it was used for store grains then there should be the container. He also elaborates by mentioning that but the store place is totally empty and no evidence of storing food.
Third, the author posits that the houses used for ritual ceremony and contained many large amounts of broken pots. He additionally says that these pots were used serving the meal during the festival. In contrast, the lecturer position is that the reasons were not well supported either. He notes that the broken pots indicated that the place was used for the trash and looked like they throw the pots there. Thus, it was not a reliable place used for the ceremony.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-01-14 | Kalima | 76 | view |
| 2019-12-12 | sandeshbhandari2 | 76 | view |
| 2019-12-01 | Chara | 71 | view |
| 2019-11-29 | Apolytos | 70 | view |
| 2019-11-09 | rohanrajeev07 | 70 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 132, Rule ID: NODT_DOZEN[1]
Message: Use simply: 'a hundred'.
Suggestion: a hundred
...eels that those buildings had contained hundred of the room and the author presents som...
^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 176, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: some
...red of the room and the author presents some of the reasons how the building was used. The ...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 223, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
... the reasons how the building was used. The lecturer challenged the claim made by t...
^^^
Line 5, column 33, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ited. Second, the author suggests that Chaco houses used for a store for long p...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, if, look, moreover, second, so, then, third, thus, well, in contrast, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 18.0 10.4613686534 172% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 16.0 12.0772626932 132% => OK
Pronoun: 30.0 22.412803532 134% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 26.0 30.3222958057 86% => OK
Nominalization: 5.0 5.01324503311 100% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1409.0 1373.03311258 103% => OK
No of words: 290.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 4.85862068966 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.12666770723 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.38485111973 2.5805825403 92% => OK
Unique words: 148.0 145.348785872 102% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.510344827586 0.540411800872 94% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 436.5 419.366225166 104% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 10.0 8.23620309051 121% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 16.0 21.2450331126 75% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 32.0805794874 49.2860985944 65% => OK
Chars per sentence: 78.2777777778 110.228320801 71% => OK
Words per sentence: 16.1111111111 21.698381199 74% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.22222222222 7.06452816374 74% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.294768349709 0.272083759551 108% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0926697170708 0.0996497079465 93% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0667326945031 0.0662205650399 101% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.184454905537 0.162205337803 114% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0513670074777 0.0443174109184 116% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.5 13.3589403974 71% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 63.7 53.8541721854 118% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.4 11.0289183223 76% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.61 12.2367328918 87% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.81 8.42419426049 93% => OK
difficult_words: 62.0 63.6247240618 97% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.4 10.498013245 80% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 75.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.