The passage claims that the substances found in a leg bone of a dinosaur fossil are several parts of the dinosaur body by providing three points. However, the lecturer is dubious about these explanations and challenges each point explained in the passage.
First, the author conceives the soft tissue found inside the branching channels as remains of blood vessels of the dinosaur. However, the lecturer believes that this soft tissue does not belong to the dinosaur and the tissue can be attributed to some other things. He explains that after passing a long time from animals’ death, bacteria start to live in their dead bodies. Therefore the soft tissue may be the moist residues of bacteria, which have lived in the dead body of animals.
Second, based on the results obtained from microscopic examinations, there are several spheres which are thought to be red blood cells of the dinosaur. On the other hand, the red spheres, claimed to be the remains of red blood cells, are found in fossils of a lot of animals, even animals without red blood cells such as primitives. Therefore, spheres are not remains of the blood cells.
Third, according to a test conducted by a group of scientists, it seems that the fossil contains collagen, a fibrous protein. Nevertheless, according to the lecture, collagen cannot last longer than 100000 years. As a result, the substance that is found in the fossil of a dinosaur, living about 700 million years ago, cannot be thought to be collagen.
- TPO-10 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing computer games is a waste of time. Children should not be allowed to play them.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 76
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- TPO-49 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The ability to maintain friendships with a small number of people over a long period of time is more important for happiness than the ability to make many new friends 73
- TPO-31 - Integrated Writing Task A fossil skeleton of a dinosaur called Sinosauropteryx, preserved in volcanic ash, was discovered in Liaoning, China, in 1996. Interestingly, the fossil included a pattern of fine lines surrounding the skeletal bones. Some 70
- TPO-41 - Integrated Writing Task Burning coal in power plants produces a waste product called coal ash, a material that contains small amounts of potentially harmful chemicals Environmentalists in the United States are concerned about the damage such harm 80
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 380, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Therefore,
...ria start to live in their dead bodies. Therefore the soft tissue may be the moist residu...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, first, however, may, nevertheless, second, so, therefore, third, such as, as a result, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 2.0 7.30242825607 27% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 7.0 12.0772626932 58% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 10.0 22.412803532 45% => OK
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1250.0 1373.03311258 91% => OK
No of words: 251.0 270.72406181 93% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.98007968127 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.98032404683 4.04702891845 98% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.63258901318 2.5805825403 102% => OK
Unique words: 139.0 145.348785872 96% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.553784860558 0.540411800872 102% => OK
syllable_count: 369.0 419.366225166 88% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 7.0 8.23620309051 85% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 12.0 13.0662251656 92% => OK
Sentence length: 20.0 21.2450331126 94% => OK
Sentence length SD: 31.1299917907 49.2860985944 63% => OK
Chars per sentence: 104.166666667 110.228320801 95% => OK
Words per sentence: 20.9166666667 21.698381199 96% => OK
Discourse Markers: 9.08333333333 7.06452816374 129% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.377474041176 0.272083759551 139% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.133858802345 0.0996497079465 134% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0798666687616 0.0662205650399 121% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.200481060544 0.162205337803 124% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.074271908027 0.0443174109184 168% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.5 13.3589403974 94% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 59.64 53.8541721854 111% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.9 11.0289183223 90% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.6 12.2367328918 95% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.4 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 60.0 63.6247240618 94% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.0 10.498013245 95% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.