TPO 27 - The causes of the Little Ice Age
The lecture and the reading are both about possible causes of the Little Ice Age period. The author of the reading provides three reasons explaining this phenomenon. The lecturer challenged those three ideas because he believes they are out of date.
First of all, the writer blames the cooling on the disruption of ocean currents. It is said that melted glaciers release a large amount of fresh water into the Gulf Stream which strongly affects Earth´s climate due to unusually warm weather. However, the lecturer argues this theory by mentioning that this disruption only caused cooling in some areas of the Earth like Europe. Therefore it can not be used to explain the cause of the Little Ice Age.
Secondly, the reading attributes the cause to volcanic eruption. It is contended that emitted clouds of dust and sulfur gas blocked some sunlight thus making the decline of global temperature. In contrast, the lecturer disagrees with this argument. He states that if volcanic dust and gas had been the cause, some clear visual effects like colorful sunset or snow with unusual colors would have been identified. As a result, volcanic eruption is not the correct attribution.
Lastly, it is declared in the reading that substantial reductions of human population just before the Little Ice Age caused the cooling of the climate. Because of these declines, forests trees started growing in fields, consuming excessively carbon dioxide present in the air. Consequently, the temperature plunged. The lecturer, on the other, rebuts this hypothesis. He puts forth the idea that there had not enough time for the decrease of carbon dioxide to cause such cooling. This was because human population restored quickly and forests were cut down long before they could absorb too much carbon dioxide.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-04-26 | manhhieu2001 | 78 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
he lecture and the reading are both about ...
^^
Line 1, column 4, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[1]
Message: The pronoun 'he' must be used with a third-person verb: 'lectures'.
Suggestion: lectures
he lecture and the reading are both about possible...
^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 384, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Therefore,
...in some areas of the Earth like Europe. Therefore it can not be used to explain the cause...
^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, consequently, first, however, if, lastly, second, secondly, so, therefore, thus, in contrast, as a result, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 10.0 10.4613686534 96% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 8.0 12.0772626932 66% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 25.0 22.412803532 112% => OK
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1508.0 1373.03311258 110% => OK
No of words: 291.0 270.72406181 107% => OK
Chars per words: 5.18213058419 5.08290768461 102% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.13022058845 4.04702891845 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54797498443 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 180.0 145.348785872 124% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.618556701031 0.540411800872 114% => OK
syllable_count: 466.2 419.366225166 111% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 16.0 21.2450331126 75% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.8326974992 49.2860985944 79% => OK
Chars per sentence: 83.7777777778 110.228320801 76% => OK
Words per sentence: 16.1666666667 21.698381199 75% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.88888888889 7.06452816374 98% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 4.19205298013 72% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.287759250378 0.272083759551 106% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0921259350644 0.0996497079465 92% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.172914470409 0.0662205650399 261% => The coherence between sentences is low.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.173068218911 0.162205337803 107% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0829984307666 0.0443174109184 187% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.1 13.3589403974 83% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 55.24 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.47 12.2367328918 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.15 8.42419426049 109% => OK
difficult_words: 87.0 63.6247240618 137% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.5 10.7273730684 70% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.4 10.498013245 80% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 78.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.