The passage explains about the historical event that has happened 2200 years ago between the Rome and Greek. When the Roman navy was attacking to the port city of Syracuse in Greek, the Greeks soldiers defended by huge copper mirror for focusing the sunlight on the Roman ship and set it on fire. But there is some reasons that cast doubt the using of this device by Greeks because it needed a high technology for making that mirror, the igniting by light take a lot of time and soldiers at that time usually used flaming arrows, not the focusing mirror. But the professor in the lecture challenges these reasons and she believes the using of focusing mirror at that time is true.
First, the professor illustrates that the mirror was not a single sheet of copper. The professor believes that the Greeks had arranged many small mirrors of copper and attached them to each other. That casts doubt on the point in the passage that states the mirror should have been a huge polished mirror, but there was not enough technological methods to polish such a mirror and they could not polish the precise parabolic mirror, hence this historical theory is not true. According to the professor's opinion, the Greeks could make a mirror with precise parabolic by attaching many small mirrors.
Second, the professor states that the ship was made from different materials, for instance, Pitch that can ignite quickly. The experiments show that it takes ten minutes for wood to set on fire by burning mirror, the passage explains that it is a long time for igniting a ship also the ship was moving, therefore it was impossible for them to burn a wooden ship by mirror. On the other hand, the professor illustrates that the ship was made of other materials like Pitch that take a few seconds to set on fire by this way, hence this was possible for them to ignite the ship.
Finally, the professor makes the point that flaming arrows were common at that time and Romans soldiers could defend against those arrows. According to the passage, the Greeks soldiers probably had used flaming arrows and by this way could burn the Romans ship. The professor refutes this state and believes that if the Greeks had used flaming arrows, the Romans soldiers would have defended. Therefore, they should have used burning mirror, by this way they surprised Romans soldiers because they could not see the mirror and the ship had burned.
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 302, Rule ID: THERE_S_MANY[4]
Message: Did you mean 'there are some reasons'?
Suggestion: there are some reasons
... the Roman ship and set it on fire. But there is some reasons that cast doubt the using of this devic...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 2, column 492, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'professors'' or 'professor's'?
Suggestion: professors'; professor's
...al theory is not true. According to the professors opinion, the Greeks could make a mirror...
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, first, hence, if, second, so, therefore, for instance, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 9.0 5.04856512141 178% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 7.30242825607 178% => OK
Relative clauses : 19.0 12.0772626932 157% => OK
Pronoun: 40.0 22.412803532 178% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1994.0 1373.03311258 145% => OK
No of words: 418.0 270.72406181 154% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.77033492823 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.52162009685 4.04702891845 112% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.2722185278 2.5805825403 88% => OK
Unique words: 174.0 145.348785872 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.416267942584 0.540411800872 77% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 606.6 419.366225166 145% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 14.0 8.23620309051 170% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 4.0 2.5761589404 155% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 27.0 21.2450331126 127% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 58.5394074297 49.2860985944 119% => OK
Chars per sentence: 132.933333333 110.228320801 121% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.8666666667 21.698381199 128% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.13333333333 7.06452816374 87% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.451086611812 0.272083759551 166% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.172244317279 0.0996497079465 173% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0771623957827 0.0662205650399 117% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.282880870704 0.162205337803 174% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0264298541531 0.0443174109184 60% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.0 13.3589403974 112% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.53 53.8541721854 98% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.6 11.0289183223 114% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.68 12.2367328918 87% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.62 8.42419426049 90% => OK
difficult_words: 70.0 63.6247240618 110% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 17.5 10.7273730684 163% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 10.498013245 122% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.