The passage represents a hypothesis as to how humpback whales are able to migrate long distances. The reasoning is explained to be their star navigation capabilities and a handful of observations are presented to support this reasoning. However the professor refutes all three of the observations made.
Regarding the relation between star navigation capabilities and intelligence, the professor uses the example of some birds to refute the claim. Specifically, he uses the example of the duck as an animal with only average intelligence that still employs star navigation. Thus, it would seem that there is no direct relationship between intelligence and star navigation.
Secondly, the professor disclaims that the reason humback whales travel in straight lines is because they use the starts for navigation. Instead, he points out to the fact that whales have a substance in their brain called biomagnetite that makes them sensitive to the earth's magnetic field. Therefore, he concludes that the reason they are able to move in straight lines is that they use the earth's magnetic field and not the starts as otherwise claimed by the passage.
Lastly, he addresses the spy-hopping behavior of humpback whales and mentions that this behavior is not, in fact, confined to humpback whales. Sharks, that are animals that do not migrate, exhibit this behavior as well but for a completely different reason (to spot their preys). Furthermore, humpback whales exhibit spy-hopping often during the day when the star can't be seen. Hence, one cannot really establish a link between spy-hopping and the whales' ability to migrate long distances using the star navigation hypothesis.
In conclusion, the professor completely disproves all of the points made in the lecture regarding the various supposed connections between the abilities and behaviors of the whales to star navigation, thus disclaiming that these observations can be used to support the star navigation hypothesis as an explanation for the whales' capabilities to migrate long distances.
- TPO-49 - Integrated Writing Task Like many creatures, humpback whales migrate long distances for feeding and mating purposes. How animals manage to migrate long distances is often puzzling. In the case of humpback whales, we may have found the answer: the 73
- TPO-05 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment-doing things they like to do-rather than doing things they should do.Use specific reasons and examples to suppo 73
- TPO-04 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 76
- TPO-02 - Independent Writing Task Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 31
- TPO-48 - Integrated Writing Task In recent years, many frog species around the world have declined in numbers or even gone extinct due to changes in their environment. These population declines and extinctions have serious consequences for the ecosystems 85
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 238, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
...re presented to support this reasoning. However the professor refutes all three of the ...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 91, Rule ID: REASON_IS_BECAUSE[1]
Message: Probably an incorrect phrase. Use 'the reason 'is that''.
Suggestion: is that
...humback whales travel in straight lines is because they use the starts for navigation. Ins...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 363, Rule ID: CANT[1]
Message: Did you mean 'can't' or 'cannot'?
Suggestion: can't; cannot
...ping often during the day when the star cant be seen. Hence, one cannot really estab...
^^^^
Line 9, column 51, Rule ID: ALL_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'all the'.
Suggestion: all the
...ion, the professor completely disproves all of the points made in the lecture regarding th...
^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, furthermore, hence, however, if, lastly, really, regarding, second, secondly, so, still, therefore, thus, well, as to, in conclusion, in fact
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 12.0 12.0772626932 99% => OK
Pronoun: 27.0 22.412803532 120% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 37.0 30.3222958057 122% => OK
Nominalization: 14.0 5.01324503311 279% => Less nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1734.0 1373.03311258 126% => OK
No of words: 319.0 270.72406181 118% => OK
Chars per words: 5.43573667712 5.08290768461 107% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.22617688928 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.98773546715 2.5805825403 116% => OK
Unique words: 158.0 145.348785872 109% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.495297805643 0.540411800872 92% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 535.5 419.366225166 128% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 6.0 3.25607064018 184% => OK
Article: 5.0 8.23620309051 61% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 14.0 13.0662251656 107% => OK
Sentence length: 22.0 21.2450331126 104% => OK
Sentence length SD: 68.0259929313 49.2860985944 138% => OK
Chars per sentence: 123.857142857 110.228320801 112% => OK
Words per sentence: 22.7857142857 21.698381199 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 10.4285714286 7.06452816374 148% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 4.33554083885 208% => Less positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 0.0 4.45695364238 0% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.27373068433 117% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.396677570316 0.272083759551 146% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.136183978004 0.0996497079465 137% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.07240476015 0.0662205650399 109% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.214402438897 0.162205337803 132% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0798394508513 0.0443174109184 180% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.6 13.3589403974 117% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 40.69 53.8541721854 76% => OK
smog_index: 11.2 5.55761589404 202% => Smog_index is high.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.1 11.0289183223 119% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 14.57 12.2367328918 119% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.44 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 75.0 63.6247240618 118% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.8 10.498013245 103% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.