In the United States, it had been common practice since the late 1960s not to suppress natural forest fires. The “let it burn” policy assumed that forest fires would burn themselves out quickly, without causing much damage. However, in the summer of 1988, forest fires in Yellowstone, the most famous national park in the country, burned for more than two months and spread over a huge area, encompassing more than 800,000 acres. Because of the large scale of the damage, many people called for replacing the “let it burn” policy with a policy of extinguishing forest fires as soon as they appeared. Three kinds of damage caused by the “let it bum” policy were emphasized by critics of the policy.
First, Yellowstone fires caused tremendous damage to the park’s trees and other vegetation. When the fires finally died out, nearly one third of Yellowstone’s land had been scorched. Trees were charred and blackened from flames and smoke. Smaller plants were entirely incinerated. What had been a national treasure now seemed like a devastated wasteland.
Second, the park wildlife was affected as well. Large animals like deer and elk were seen fleeing the fire. Many smaller species were probably unable to escape. There was also concern that the destruction of habitats and the disruption of food chains would make it impossible for the animals that survived the fire to return.
Third, the fires compromised the value of the park as a tourist attraction, which in turn had negative consequences for the local economy. With several thousand acres of the park engulfed in flames, the tourist season was cut short, and a large number of visitors decided to stay away. Of course, local businesses that depended on park visitors suffered as a result.
Both the reading and the lecturer are about "let it burn" policy. The writer feels that such a policy causes damage by stating three arguments while the speaker challenges these ideas. She thinks the fire not only is destructive but also creates new opportunities.
First, the reading states that the policy damages the plants. The writer claims that a third of the trees had been burned during the fire. This specific idea is challenge by the lecturer. She think, not only the vegetation of the park recovered but also new form of plants grew up after the fire. She elaborates her idea by explaining that some seeds become active only in high temperatures. Also the burned trees provide an opening area which results in more light and provides conditions for smaller plants to grow up.
Secondly, the writer mentions affect of fire on wild life. She supports this by mentioning that some large animals fled the fire and probably the smaller ones could not escape and consequently, not only the habitat of animals were destroyed but also a disruption happened in the food chain. The lecturer challenges this argument and points out that the abundance of new plants create a perfect habitat for new species to live in the vicinity which provide a richer food chain and results in recovery of the animals. She explains an example that after the fire, a proliferation in number of rabbits and hares could be seen in the park.
Finally,the writer thinks that the fire will result in decrease of tourism in the area. The lecturer however, mentions this is not a porblem. Starting a fire in a forest needs a combination of dryness, low level of rain, and high temperature. These elements occur simultancy very rarely. So after the fire were distinguished, until the recovery of the park, new tourists came to view the site and they attracted to the area again.
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- TPO-23 - Integrated Writing Task 71
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 193, Rule ID: HE_VERB_AGR[1]
Message: The pronoun 'She' must be used with a third-person verb: 'thinks'.
Suggestion: thinks
... idea is challenge by the lecturer. She think, not only the vegetation of the park re...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 393, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Also,
...ecome active only in high temperatures. Also the burned trees provide an opening are...
^^^^
Line 13, column 8, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , the
... could be seen in the park. Finally,the writer thinks that the fire will result...
^^^^
Line 13, column 281, Rule ID: ADVERB_WORD_ORDER[3]
Message: The adverb 'rarely' is usually not used at the end of a sentence.
...e. These elements occur simultancy very rarely. So after the fire were distinguished, ...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, consequently, finally, first, however, if, second, secondly, so, third, while
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 8.0 10.4613686534 76% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 7.30242825607 164% => OK
Relative clauses : 10.0 12.0772626932 83% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 40.0 30.3222958057 132% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1561.0 1373.03311258 114% => OK
No of words: 319.0 270.72406181 118% => OK
Chars per words: 4.8934169279 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.22617688928 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.56179031673 2.5805825403 99% => OK
Unique words: 171.0 145.348785872 118% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.53605015674 0.540411800872 99% => OK
syllable_count: 489.6 419.366225166 117% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 52.1058988154 49.2860985944 106% => OK
Chars per sentence: 86.7222222222 110.228320801 79% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.7222222222 21.698381199 82% => OK
Discourse Markers: 4.88888888889 7.06452816374 69% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 9.0 4.45695364238 202% => Less negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.131950002454 0.272083759551 48% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0445717079665 0.0996497079465 45% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0550485349655 0.0662205650399 83% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0897597609113 0.162205337803 55% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0471763180046 0.0443174109184 106% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.5 13.3589403974 79% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.79 12.2367328918 88% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.39 8.42419426049 100% => OK
difficult_words: 79.0 63.6247240618 124% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 10.7273730684 61% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 60.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 18.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.