Wild tuna, a species of large ocean fish, have decreased in number because of overfishing Recently, attempts have been made to farm tuna by feeding the fish in ocean cages until they become large enough for sale. However, tuna farming has faced several problems and criticisms.
First, female tuna do not lay eggs in captivity, so tuna farmers must capture large quantities of young wild tuna to stock their farms, further reducing wild tuna populations. These young tuna are caged and fed until they are large enough to be sold. Since the captured females in tuna farms cannot lay eggs to replace the tuna that are sold, tuna farmers continue to catch young wild tuna to keep their farms going and so worsen the decline in wild tuna populations.
Second, tuna raised on farms are very expensive because they depend on a costly, high-protein food derived from other fish. Tuna feed almost exclusively on small fish, which supply them with the proteins and nutrients they require. A single tuna can grow more than four meters long, weigh close to 700 kilograms, and eat 70 kilograms of food a day! It is unlikely that tuna farms can remain profitable while supplying so much expensive food for the tuna.
Third tuna confined to ocean cages are likely to become infested with parasites, organisms that feed on and weaken the animal they attach to. Tuna farmers off the coast of southern Australia have had problems with infestations of blood flukes, a type of parasite that lives within the blood vessels and heart of infected fish. Parasite infestations weaken tuna, slow their growth, and can even cause death, usually by making them susceptible to other diseases. Tuna farms in southern Australia have had 10 percent of their tuna die before they could be sold.
The reading and the lecture are about tuna farming. While the author of the article argues that several problems cannot be solved, the lecture disputes the arguments made in the article. His position is that there are three solutions to these problems.
According to the reading passage, wild female tuna cannot lay eggs in ocean cages because they are in captivity so tuna farmers should capture young tuna to stock their farms, however, the lecture suggests that scientists found that they could inject hormones into female tuna so that they can lay eggs. This argument is challenged by the lecturer. He claims that there are risks for females’ tuna in hormone injections. Additionally, he points out that tuna farming can be done without reducing wild tuna populations.
Secondly, the author suggests that tuna farming requires high costs to feed tuna with a specific type of fish. In the article, it is said that farmers can decrease the cost by feeding them with plants. The lecturer, however, asserts that certain plants that are high in protein can be processed to make inexpensive food. He goes on to say that this food made from plants could supply tuna with all protein and nutrients they need.
Finally, in opposition to the author who believes infestations of a parasite called blood flukes had damaged tuna, the lecturer thinks that blood flukes cannot maintain their life cycles if they were offshore. He notes that if tuna cages were moved into deeper waters the blood flukes cannot thrive on tuna and damage them.
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- Wild tuna a species of large ocean fish have decreased in number because of overfishing Recently attempts have been made to farm tuna by feeding the fish in ocean cages until they become large enough for sale However tuna farming has faced several problem 71
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- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 66
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Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, however, if, second, secondly, so, while
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 13.0 10.4613686534 124% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 12.0 5.04856512141 238% => Less auxiliary verb wanted.
Conjunction : 3.0 7.30242825607 41% => More conjunction wanted.
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 32.0 22.412803532 143% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 30.0 30.3222958057 99% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1284.0 1373.03311258 94% => OK
No of words: 257.0 270.72406181 95% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.99610894942 5.08290768461 98% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.00390054096 4.04702891845 99% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.32926101109 2.5805825403 90% => OK
Unique words: 145.0 145.348785872 100% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.56420233463 0.540411800872 104% => OK
syllable_count: 392.4 419.366225166 94% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 6.0 8.23620309051 73% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 13.0 13.0662251656 99% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 67.3287439606 49.2860985944 137% => OK
Chars per sentence: 98.7692307692 110.228320801 90% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.7692307692 21.698381199 91% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.76923076923 7.06452816374 53% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 4.45695364238 135% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.286476184908 0.272083759551 105% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0969598452189 0.0996497079465 97% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0782277597061 0.0662205650399 118% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.157661865904 0.162205337803 97% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.068013958574 0.0443174109184 153% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.0 13.3589403974 90% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 60.65 53.8541721854 113% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.5 11.0289183223 86% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.72 12.2367328918 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.57 8.42419426049 102% => OK
difficult_words: 65.0 63.6247240618 102% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 9.0 10.7273730684 84% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 71.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.