The zebra mussel, a freshwater shellfish native to Eastern Europe, has long been spreading out from its original habitats and has now reached parts of North America. There are reasons to believe that this invasion cannot be stopped and that it poses a serious threat to freshwater fish populations in all of North America.
First, the history of the zebra mussel’s spread suggests that the invasion might be unstoppable. It is a prime example of an invasion made possible by human transportation. From the zebra mussel’s original habitats in Eastern Europe, ships helped spread it out along new canals built to connect Europe’s waterways. The mussel can attach itself to a ship’s bottom or can survive in the water—called “ballast water"—that the ship needs to take on to properly balance its cargo. By the early nineteenth century, the mussel had spread to the whole of Europe. It was later carried to the east coast of North America in the ballast water of ships traveling from Europe. The way ships have spread the zebra mussel in the past strongly suggests that the species will soon colonize all of North America.
Moreover, once zebra mussels are carried to a new habitat, they can dominate it. They are a hardy species that does well under a variety of conditions, and they have a high rate of reproduction. Most important, however, zebra mussels often have no predators in their new habitats, and species without natural predators are likely to dominate their habitats.
Finally, zebra mussels are likely to cause a decline in the overall fish population in habitats where they become dominant. The mussels are plankton eaters, which mean that they compete for food with many freshwater fish species.
Based on the given materials, the article as well as the lecturer are about zebra mussel out of control spread. The author states that the proliferation of them can cause disrupt in their new enviroment. That being said, the lecturer provide several ideas to repudiate this cliam.
Initially, the author says based on the history, their invasion is unstoppable and suggests The reason of their emergance is human transportation sine zebra mussel's primary habitat is eastern europe but now they can be found in other areas too. However the lecturer explains that their population is now controlable due to human knowledge. In past it might had been immpossible to counter this phenomena since people where not educated enough but now we know that salt water kill zebra mussel. Ships used to trasport this specie from fresh waters and transport them to their new place but it is ossible for a ship to empty its water in ocean where the water is salty and consequently the zebra mussels can not survive during the transportation process.
Second, the writer proclaim that since they have no preditor any where they go plus they hardy charactristics, they dominate the area. Also the writer points out that they have one of the highest production rate among different species. Yet again speaker underscores that this is not true. Allbeit they might not find any threat to themselves at the beginning but in a while soon another animals such as other fish and birds find out that there are new food available. The recognization of zebra mussels as food cause these species to change their habbits and results in a reorm of food chain in he area.
The finanl poin of contention between reading and listening passages is the decline in number of fishes. The author thinks that as zebra mussels dominate the area, the available food resources decreas since they are plancton eaters. On the other hand, the speaker mentions that this is not true for all kind of fish. The dominance of zebra mussels might cause the decline in number of some species but at the same time they suggest a new food resource for button fish waters so they can feed on them.
- The world’s forests are facing increasing pressure which, if left unchecked, will threaten the health of many industries, economies, nations, and lives. The development of an international fund to help developing countries implement useful conservation 3
- Humans have long been fascinated by elephants, the largest land animal in the modern world. Social animals that live in herds, elephants are native to both Africa and Asia. Their large ears, long trunk, and long life span have made elephants one of the mo 83
- TPO-23 - Integrated Writing Task 68
- working four days a week 60
- TPO-23 - Integrated Writing Task 68
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 246, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: However,
...w they can be found in other areas too. However the lecturer explains that their popula...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 390, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...t might had been immpossible to counter this phenomena since people where not educat...
^^^^
Line 9, column 62, Rule ID: ANY_WHERE[1]
Message: Did you mean 'anywhere'?
Suggestion: anywhere
...oclaim that since they have no preditor any where they go plus they hardy charactristics,...
^^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 136, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Also,
...charactristics, they dominate the area. Also the writer points out that they have on...
^^^^
Line 9, column 594, Rule ID: HE_THE[1]
Message: Did you mean 'in the area'?
Suggestion: in the area
...ts and results in a reorm of food chain in he area. The finanl poin of contention bet...
^^^^^^^^^^
Line 13, column 106, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...ges is the decline in number of fishes. The author thinks that as zebra mussels dom...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, consequently, however, if, second, so, well, while, as to, kind of, such as, as well as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 7.0 5.04856512141 139% => OK
Conjunction : 12.0 7.30242825607 164% => OK
Relative clauses : 13.0 12.0772626932 108% => OK
Pronoun: 41.0 22.412803532 183% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 45.0 30.3222958057 148% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 5.01324503311 199% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1789.0 1373.03311258 130% => OK
No of words: 369.0 270.72406181 136% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.84823848238 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.38284983912 4.04702891845 108% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.4600658173 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 196.0 145.348785872 135% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.531165311653 0.540411800872 98% => OK
syllable_count: 547.2 419.366225166 130% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 1.0 1.51434878587 66% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 23.0 21.2450331126 108% => OK
Sentence length SD: 56.3776329762 49.2860985944 114% => OK
Chars per sentence: 111.8125 110.228320801 101% => OK
Words per sentence: 23.0625 21.698381199 106% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.3125 7.06452816374 104% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 6.0 4.19205298013 143% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 4.45695364238 112% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 6.0 4.27373068433 140% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.153346317629 0.272083759551 56% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0515009076144 0.0996497079465 52% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0445211631119 0.0662205650399 67% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0957127262153 0.162205337803 59% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0523195034267 0.0443174109184 118% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 12.9 13.3589403974 97% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 56.59 53.8541721854 105% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.1 11.0289183223 101% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.15 12.2367328918 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.29 8.42419426049 98% => OK
difficult_words: 82.0 63.6247240618 129% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.5 10.7273730684 107% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.2 10.498013245 107% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 83.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 25.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.