Integrated writing
Car manufacturers and governments have been eagerly seeking a replacement for the automobile's main source of power, the internal-combustion engine. By far the most promising alternative source of energy for cars is the hydrogen-based fuel-cell engine, which uses hydrogen to create electricity that, in turn, powers the car. Fuel-cell engines have several advantages over internal-combustion engines and will probably soon replace them.
One of the main problems with the internal-combustion engine is that it relies on petroleum, either in the form of gasoline or diesel fuel. Petroleum is a finite resource; someday, we will run out of oil. The hydrogen needed for fuel-cell engines cannot easily be depleted. Hydrogen can be derived from various plentiful sources, including natural gas and even water. The fact that fuel-cell engines utilize easily available, renewable resources makes them particularly attractive.
Second, hydrogen-based fuel cells are attractive because they will solve many of the world's pollution problems. An unavoidable by-product of burning oil is carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide harms the environment. On the other hand, the only byproduct of fuel-cell engines is water.
Third, fuel-cell engines will soon be economically competitive because people will spend less money to operate a fuel-cell engine than they will to operate an internal-combustion engine. This is true for one simple reason: a fuel-cell automobile is nearly twice as efficient in using its fuel as an automobile powered by an internal-combustion engine is. In other words, the fuel-cell powered car requires only half the fuel energy that the internal-combustion powered car does to go the same distance.
The speaker refutes the conclusion that the fuel-cell engines have some advantages and will probably soon replace internal-combustion engines, despite the fact that the disadvantages about internal-combustion engines such as limited oil and harming environment are correct, mainly with three point concerning three advantages mentioned in the passage.
First, even though there are a variety of sources such as water or natural gas, the hydrogen is still not easily available. The really useful type of hydrogen is in liquid state which is a very artificial state and pretty difficult to get. It mu...
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Sentence: With the three point and the resulting opposite conclusions above, the speak refuse to accept the argument and the conclusion in the passage.
Description: The fragment speak refuse to is rare
Suggestion: Possible agreement error: Replace refuse with verb, past tense
flaws:
Number of Paragraphs: 5 4
The conclusion is optional.
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Attribute Value Ideal
Score: 27 in 30
Category: Excellent Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 1 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 0 2
No. of Sentences: 13 12
No. of Words: 267 250
No. of Characters: 1340 1200
No. of Different Words: 150 120
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.042 4.7
Average Word Length: 5.019 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.966 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 94 80
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 71 60
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 51 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 33 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 20.538 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 9.974 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.846 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.321 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.615 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.051 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 4