Starting in the 1960s and continuing until the 1980s, sailors in Russian submarines patrolling the North Alantic and Arctic Ocean would occasionally hear strange sounds. These underwater noises reminded the submarine crews of frog croaks, so they called the sounds “quackers” (from the Russian word for frog sounds). The sources of the sound seemed to be moving with great speed and agility; however, the submarines’ sonar (a method of detecting objects underwater) was unable to detect any solid moving objects in the area. There are several theories about what might have caused the odd sounds.
The first theory suggests that the strange noises were actually the calls of male and female ocra whales during a courtship ritual. Orca whales are known to inhabit the areas where the submarines were picking up the bizarre noises. Orcas have been studied extensively, and the sounds they make when trying to attract a male are similar to those that the submarines were detecting.
A second idea is that the sounds were caused by giant squid. Giant squids are gaint marine invertebrates that live deep in the ocean and prey on large fish. They are difficult to detect by sonar because they have soft bodies with no skeleton. Not much is known about giant squid behavior, but their complex brains suggest they are intelligent animals. It is possible they have the ability to emit sound, and perhaps they approached the submarines out of curiosity.
A third theory suggests the Russian submarines were picking up stray sounds from some military technology, like another country’s submarines that were secretly patrolling the area. Perhaps the foreign submarines did not register on sonar because they were using a kind of technology specifically designed to make them undetectable by sonar. The strange froglike sounds may have been emitted by the foreign submarines unintentionally.
The reading explains that there had been some special sound under water between 1960's and 1980's around the north Atlantic and Artic ocean which, the passage names it the"quackers" and give some reason for causes of it. however the lecture casts doubt on this view.
the speaker challenges the reason of reading about the Orca whale was the cause of quackers and explains that they are always on the surface of water while the sound and Russian submarines was in deep .and also they could been seen by sonar systems.
the speaker also refutes the reading's claim that the Giant squids was the source of sound and says that Quachers had been in two decades and after that was finished but this creature are alive at today ,so they are not the cause of the sound.
finally the lecturer says that the foreign submarines was not the solution of this mystery because this sound had been very fast and it moved in different direction and it was untraceable while the foreign submarines did not the technology of moving fast and going to different direction and untracabitlity .
so the speaker explains that the reading claims is not a correct description of that event.
- In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to North America by European explore 82
- Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible.First, atmospheric 73
- Essay topics: TPO-45 - Integrated Writing TaskAny student of paleontology will be struck by the fact that a great many animals of the past were considerably larger than they are today. This holds true for species ranging from dinosaurs to most mammals. Ju 73
- Carved stone balls are a curious type of artifact found at a number of locations in Scotland. They date from the late Neolithic period, around 4,000 years ago. They are round in shape; they were carved from several types of stone; most are about 70 mm in 70
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The opinions of celebrities, such as famous entertainers and athletes, are more important to younger people than they are to older people.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 73
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...he lecture casts doubt on this view. the speaker challenges the reason of readin...
^^^
Line 3, column 201, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...sound and Russian submarines was in deep .and also they could been seen by sonar s...
^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: The
...ey could been seen by sonar systems. the speaker also refutes the readings claim...
^^^
Line 5, column 202, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...hed but this creature are alive at today ,so they are not the cause of the sound. ...
^^
Line 7, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: Finally
...they are not the cause of the sound. finally the lecturer says that the foreign subm...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 1, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: finally,
...they are not the cause of the sound. finally the lecturer says that the foreign subm...
^^^^^^^
Line 7, column 307, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Don't put a space before the full stop
Suggestion: .
...o different direction and untracabitlity . so the speaker explains that the rea...
^^
Line 9, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: So
...erent direction and untracabitlity . so the speaker explains that the reading c...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, however, if, so, while
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 13.0 7.30242825607 178% => OK
Relative clauses : 9.0 12.0772626932 75% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 19.0 22.412803532 85% => OK
Preposition: 22.0 30.3222958057 73% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 982.0 1373.03311258 72% => OK
No of words: 202.0 270.72406181 75% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.86138613861 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.76996954942 4.04702891845 93% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.57419212426 2.5805825403 100% => OK
Unique words: 109.0 145.348785872 75% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.539603960396 0.540411800872 100% => OK
syllable_count: 288.9 419.366225166 69% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 0.0 3.25607064018 0% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 0.0 2.5761589404 0% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 6.0 13.0662251656 46% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 33.0 21.2450331126 155% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 93.3549082207 49.2860985944 189% => OK
Chars per sentence: 163.666666667 110.228320801 148% => OK
Words per sentence: 33.6666666667 21.698381199 155% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.0 7.06452816374 99% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 8.0 4.19205298013 191% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0973658664246 0.272083759551 36% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0461247019017 0.0996497079465 46% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0279481724443 0.0662205650399 42% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0542077992567 0.162205337803 33% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0201056073614 0.0443174109184 45% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 18.3 13.3589403974 137% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 54.9 53.8541721854 102% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 13.8 11.0289183223 125% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.5 12.2367328918 94% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.77 8.42419426049 92% => OK
difficult_words: 32.0 63.6247240618 50% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 15.2 10.498013245 145% => OK
text_standard: 14.0 11.2008830022 125% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 70.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.0 Out of 30
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.