The following appeared in a letter from the owner of the Sunnyside Towers apartment complex to its manager: "One month ago, all the showerheads in the first three buildings of the Sunnyside Towers complex were modified to restrict maximum water flow to one-third of what it used to be. Although actual readings of water usage before and after the adjustment are not yet available, the change will obviously result in a considerable savings for Sunnyside Corporation, since the corporation must pay for water each month. Except for a few complaints about low water pressure, no problems with showers have been reported since the adjustment. I predict that modifying showerheads to restrict water flow throughout all twelve buildings in the Sunnyside Towers complex will increase our profits even more dramatically."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
The author's prediction tha modifying the showerheads to restrict water flow throughout all twelve building in the complex will increase their profits is flawed. The author is assuming many unsupported assumptions when he makes his argument.
First, the author is assuming that the readings of water usage will show a reduction in the use of water. This is not necessary thue. Restricting the maximun water flow is equal to reduce the amount of water that is used per time. For example, pass from 5 cubic meters per minute to 3 cubic metters per minute. Although that this is a reduction in the mass flow rate, if the people take longer showers, the total amount of water used could increase. Let suppose that a shower lasts aprox. 3 minutes. If the former water flow was 5 cubic meters per minute, then the total amount of water used was 15 cubic meters. But, now, according to the author, is less; let's say 3 cubic meters per minute. If now the shower lasts in average 10 minutes, the total amount of water will be 30 cubic meters. So, in this example, the use of water would increase. For this reason, the author should wait for the numbers before to make a conclusion.
Second, he is assuming that will not receive complaints by the new twelve apartments just because he did not receive many complaints for the first three buildings. This is the fallacy of extrapolate the same result. They do not know actually who these new people are. What if they enjoy the high pressure from the shower? Or what is they prefer shorter showers so more pressure will be needed. He must study the likes of this people before to make the reduction of the water flow. If the clients disliked this new policy, the company would lose a lot of money when it is traying to save it.
Third, he is not considering all the different sources of money reduction that can increase the company's profit. This is known as the fallacy of what is not seen. This policy of changing the showerheads could make cause that people save more water, but if exists a non-responsable use of electricity or gas, it will not be a reduction of costs. The author have to find more ways to save money, for example, studing the consume of all services and not just water.
To conclude, the author's argument could be strenghthened his argument providing more information about the average time that a shower lasts and if it has been a change in it in with the new policy. Moreover, the author's argument could further be strenghthened is he provides more information about the customs of the rest of the clients and the use of other services such as electricity or gas. As it stands, however, the argumentation is flawed for the reasons indicated.
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Comments
Essay evaluation report
Sentence: The author's prediction tha modifying the showerheads to restrict water flow throughout all twelve building in the complex will increase their profits is flawed.
Error: tha Suggestion: than
Sentence: This is not necessary thue.
Error: thue Suggestion: thus
Sentence: Restricting the maximun water flow is equal to reduce the amount of water that is used per time.
Error: maximun Suggestion: maximum
Sentence: For example, pass from 5 cubic meters per minute to 3 cubic metters per minute.
Error: metters Suggestion: meters
Sentence: Let suppose that a shower lasts aprox.
Error: aprox Suggestion: apron
Sentence: If the clients disliked this new policy, the company would lose a lot of money when it is traying to save it.
Error: traying Suggestion: No alternate word
Sentence: This policy of changing the showerheads could make cause that people save more water, but if exists a non-responsable use of electricity or gas, it will not be a reduction of costs.
Error: non-responsable Suggestion: non responsible
Sentence: The author have to find more ways to save money, for example, studing the consume of all services and not just water.
Error: studing Suggestion: No alternate word
Sentence: To conclude, the author's argument could be strenghthened his argument providing more information about the average time that a shower lasts and if it has been a change in it in with the new policy.
Error: strenghthened Suggestion: strengthened
Sentence: Moreover, the author's argument could further be strenghthened is he provides more information about the customs of the rest of the clients and the use of other services such as electricity or gas.
Error: strenghthened Suggestion: strengthened
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Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 2.5 out of 6
Category: Satisfactory Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 9 2
No. of Sentences: 28 15
No. of Words: 480 350
No. of Characters: 2171 1500
No. of Different Words: 204 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.681 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.523 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.451 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 142 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 94 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 62 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 34 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 17.143 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 8.241 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.643 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.275 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.457 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.102 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 5, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
The authors prediction tha modifying the showerhead...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 422, Rule ID: THIS_NNS[1]
Message: Did you mean 'these'?
Suggestion: these
...l be needed. He must study the likes of this people before to make the reduction of ...
^^^^
Line 7, column 416, Rule ID: A_INFINITVE[1]
Message: Probably a wrong construction: a/the + infinitive
...ays to save money, for example, studing the consume of all services and not just water. ...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 18, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...and not just water. To conclude, the authors argument could be strenghthened his arg...
^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 213, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'authors'' or 'author's'?
Suggestion: authors'; author's
...t in with the new policy. Moreover, the authors argument could further be strenghthened...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, but, first, however, if, moreover, second, so, then, third, for example, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 26.0 19.6327345309 132% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 15.0 12.9520958084 116% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 11.1786427146 63% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 13.6137724551 81% => OK
Pronoun: 36.0 28.8173652695 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 47.0 55.5748502994 85% => OK
Nominalization: 13.0 16.3942115768 79% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2234.0 2260.96107784 99% => OK
No of words: 480.0 441.139720559 109% => OK
Chars per words: 4.65416666667 5.12650576532 91% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.68069463864 4.56307096286 103% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.51122134407 2.78398813304 90% => OK
Unique words: 214.0 204.123752495 105% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.445833333333 0.468620217663 95% => OK
syllable_count: 693.0 705.55239521 98% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.59920159681 88% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 9.0 4.96107784431 181% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.76447105788 137% => OK
Subordination: 6.0 2.70958083832 221% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 2.0 1.67365269461 119% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 4.22255489022 71% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 27.0 19.7664670659 137% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 22.8473053892 74% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 48.7495159578 57.8364921388 84% => OK
Chars per sentence: 82.7407407407 119.503703932 69% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.7777777778 23.324526521 76% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.33333333333 5.70786347227 58% => More transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 5.25449101796 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 13.0 4.67664670659 278% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.110547421345 0.218282227539 51% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0311162194305 0.0743258471296 42% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.046590014706 0.0701772020484 66% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0712858841587 0.128457276422 55% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0531665135758 0.0628817314937 85% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.4 14.3799401198 65% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 71.14 48.3550499002 147% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 7.1628742515 43% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.6 12.197005988 62% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 9.39 12.5979740519 75% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.41 8.32208582834 89% => OK
difficult_words: 89.0 98.500998004 90% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 6.5 12.3882235529 52% => Linsear_write_formula is low.
gunning_fog: 8.8 11.1389221557 79% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.9071856287 76% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 50.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 3.0 Out of 6
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.