One theory is that the manuscript is a genuine work on some scientific or magical subject composed in a complex secret code. Anthony Ascham, a sixteenth-century physician and botanist, has been identified as a possible author, since many plant illustrations in the Voynich manuscript are quite similar to those in Ascham’s book on medicinal plants, A Little Herbal, published in 1550.
According to some other theories, the manuscript is really a fake and its text has no real meaning. For example, it has been proposed the manuscript was created by Edward Kelley, a sixteenth-century personality who extracted money from nobles across Europe by pretending to have magical powers. Kelley may have created the manuscript as a fake magical book to sell to a wealthy noble. He used a made-up alphabet in a completely random order. It looks like a book of magical secrets, but there is no meaningful underlying text.
Another theory is that the manuscript is actually a modern fake created by Wilfrid M. Voynich himself. As an antique book dealer, Voynich certainly had the knowledge of what old manuscripts should look like and could have created a fake one. Perhaps Voynich’s plan was to sell the fake as a mysterious old book if he received an attractive offer.
Word Count: 369
The reading and the lecture are both about voynich manusript. The author of thereading feels that voynich manuscript,as it known,written in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author. he is of the opinion that in the handwritten book any original ideas,it means that noone can understand the books content.
To begin with,the author argues that manuscript is work on scientific and magical subject.The article mentions that it is similar to book of Ascham,where is written about medicinal plants.this specific argument is challenged by the lecturer.he claims manuscript is written notoriously good.Additionally.he says that there was
no necessary idea.
Secondly the writer suggests that base on the other theories there is no realmeaning and it is fake.In the article,it is said that kelley may have created fake magicalbookto sell wealthy noble.The lecturer,however,rebuts this argument by mentioning that the author could use some modern methods.he elorates on this bringing up the point that he can easily take someones manuscript.
Finally,the author posits that Voynisch had the knowledge how old manuscripts should look like.In contrast ,the lecturers position is that he with the using of some methods easily created anew fake manuscript.he notes that his plan made and sold.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020-01-12 | Kalima | 76 | view |
| 2018-11-29 | divyajose7@yahoo.com | 70 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 117, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , as
...thereading feels that voynich manuscript,as it known,written in the fifteenth and s...
^^^
Line 1, column 129, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , written
...eels that voynich manuscript,as it known,written in the fifteenth and sixteenth centurie...
^^^^^^^^
Line 1, column 179, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: The
...n the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.The lecturer challenges the claims made by ...
^^^
Line 1, column 179, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...n the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.The lecturer challenges the claims made by ...
^^^
Line 1, column 234, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: He
...allenges the claims made by the author. he is of the opinion that in the handwritt...
^^
Line 1, column 302, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , it
... the handwritten book any original ideas,it means that noone can understand the boo...
^^^
Line 3, column 14, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , the
...stand the books content. To begin with,the author argues that manuscript is work o...
^^^^
Line 3, column 91, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: The
... work on scientific and magical subject.The article mentions that it is similar to ...
^^^
Line 3, column 148, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , where
...ons that it is similar to book of Ascham,where is written about medicinal plants.this ...
^^^^^^
Line 3, column 291, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: Additionally
... manuscript is written notoriously good.Additionally.he says that there was no necessary ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 291, Rule ID: SENT_START_CONJUNCTIVE_LINKING_ADVERB_COMMA[1]
Message: Did you forget a comma after a conjunctive/linking adverb?
Suggestion: Additionally,
... manuscript is written notoriously good.Additionally.he says that there was no necessary ...
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Line 3, column 326, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...good.Additionally.he says that there was no necessary idea. Secondly the writ...
^^^^
Line 5, column 1, Rule ID: UPPERCASE_SENTENCE_START
Message: This sentence does not start with an uppercase letter
Suggestion: No
....Additionally.he says that there was no necessary idea. Secondly the writer...
^^
Line 5, column 20, Rule ID: WHITESPACE_RULE
Message: Possible typo: you repeated a whitespace
Suggestion:
...ys that there was no necessary idea. Secondly the writer suggests that base o...
^^^^
Line 7, column 101, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: In
... there is no realmeaning and it is fake.In the article,it is said that kelley may ...
^^
Line 7, column 115, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , it
...ealmeaning and it is fake.In the article,it is said that kelley may have created fa...
^^^
Line 7, column 194, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: The
...d fake magicalbookto sell wealthy noble.The lecturer,however,rebuts this argument b...
^^^
Line 7, column 206, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , however
...albookto sell wealthy noble.The lecturer,however,rebuts this argument by mentioning that...
^^^^^^^^
Line 9, column 8, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma
Suggestion: , the
...sily take someones manuscript. Finally,the author posits that Voynisch had the kno...
^^^^
Line 9, column 96, Rule ID: SENTENCE_WHITESPACE
Message: Add a space between sentences
Suggestion: In
...ge how old manuscripts should look like.In contrast ,the lecturers position is tha...
^^
Line 9, column 107, Rule ID: COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
Message: Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
Suggestion: ,
...manuscripts should look like.In contrast ,the lecturers position is that he with t...
^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, finally, however, if, look, may, second, secondly, so, in contrast, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 29.0 22.412803532 129% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 22.0 30.3222958057 73% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1140.0 1373.03311258 83% => OK
No of words: 202.0 270.72406181 75% => More content wanted.
Chars per words: 5.64356435644 5.08290768461 111% => OK
Fourth root words length: 3.76996954942 4.04702891845 93% => OK
Word Length SD: 3.35156924006 2.5805825403 130% => OK
Unique words: 129.0 145.348785872 89% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.638613861386 0.540411800872 118% => OK
syllable_count: 339.3 419.366225166 81% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.7 1.55342163355 109% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 3.25607064018 246% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 8.0 8.23620309051 97% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 6.0 13.0662251656 46% => Need more sentences. Double check the format of sentences, make sure there is a space between two sentences, or have enough periods. And also check the lengths of sentences, maybe they are too long.
Sentence length: 33.0 21.2450331126 155% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 115.54424357 49.2860985944 234% => The lengths of sentences changed so frequently.
Chars per sentence: 190.0 110.228320801 172% => OK
Words per sentence: 33.6666666667 21.698381199 155% => OK
Discourse Markers: 14.3333333333 7.06452816374 203% => Less transition words/phrases wanted.
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 21.0 4.19205298013 501% => Less language errors wanted.
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 1.0 4.27373068433 23% => More facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.135133253794 0.272083759551 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0609636451384 0.0996497079465 61% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0497031765837 0.0662205650399 75% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0661307509476 0.162205337803 41% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0448360278745 0.0443174109184 101% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 22.0 13.3589403974 165% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 29.52 53.8541721854 55% => Flesch_reading_ease is low.
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 17.3 11.0289183223 157% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 16.02 12.2367328918 131% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 10.82 8.42419426049 128% => OK
difficult_words: 71.0 63.6247240618 112% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 10.7273730684 131% => OK
gunning_fog: 15.2 10.498013245 145% => OK
text_standard: 22.0 11.2008830022 196% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 76.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.