The following appears in a letter to the editor for the West Lansburg News:
"The tufted groundhog lives in the coastal wetlands of West Lansburg. Ancient records suggest that the tufted groundhog once numbered in the millions. Since they were declared a wildlife sanctuary in 2004, development along the coastal wetlands has been prohibited. Now local development interests are lobbying for the West Lansburg council to allow an access road to be built along the edge of wetlands. Neighboring Eastern Carpenteria, which had a similar sanctuary, has seen its sea otter population decline since the repeal of its sanctuary status in 1978. In order to preserve the region's biodiversity and ensure a healthy environment, the West Lansburg council should not allow the road to be built."
Firstly, it is mentioned that the tufted groundhog once numbered in the millions. The records of this are ancient, which imply that this species has been a part of the coastal westlands' ecosystem for millenia. For a region to be declared a wildlife sanctuary, it would also imply that the region in question has a rich collection of fauna, which may be vital for the environment; it is entirely possible that, without them, some plants or animals may infest the area and cause the health of the ecosystem to deteriorate. If an assumption is made that such species would be harmed by roads being built on the periphery of the wetlands, then this could be seen as strengthening the argument against building such a road.
However, we must also consider the other evidence given: Eastern Carpenteria had a similar sanctuary, which saw population of an endemic species plunge when it lost its sanctuary status in 1978. There are many questions that could be posed here: After Eastern Carpenteria lost its sanctuary status, were roads built there, or were other civil developmental projects also taken up there? In 1978, were there other reasons to repeal the sanctuary status of this region, or were there other parallel causes that led to the decline in sea otter populations?
In taking such decisions, we must heed also the advice of data scientists: 'Correlation does not imply causation.' Just because the sea otter populations declined after the sanctuary status repeal, doesn't mean the two events were linked. There may have been a nearby factory which was given authorization to dump toxic waste into the sea, causing the otters to mass-migrate elsewhere. This also could be an effect of worldwide climate change, with rising oceanic temperatures. A road may have been built straight through the region, causing more human interference into the otters' habitat.
Now, we must return to the original road construction proposal, where it is stated that an access road is to be built along the edge of the wetlands. What does this 'edge' constitute? Is it a well-defined physical boundary, or just a rough estimation of the extremities of where the groundhogs live? The West Lanburg council could also, perhaps, find a loophole here, and check if providing this land along the edge of the wetlands can be done without repealing the sanctuary status.
Hence, historical numbers of the species could be seen to strengthen the argument against building the road, albeit with some extra assumptions. The evidence from the neighbouring region's sanctuary weakens the argument, by providing inadequate data to support the correlation between repealing the sanctuary status and the biodiversity of the region. Finally, we arrive at a more existential aspect: The sanctuary boundaries could be shifted over, or a legislative loophole could be invoked.
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Comments
e-rater score report
Attribute Value Ideal
Final score: 4.5 out of 6
Category: Good Excellent
No. of Grammatical Errors: 0 2
No. of Spelling Errors: 12 2
No. of Sentences: 18 15
No. of Words: 465 350
No. of Characters: 2319 1500
No. of Different Words: 235 200
Fourth Root of Number of Words: 4.644 4.7
Average Word Length: 4.987 4.6
Word Length SD: 2.69 2.4
No. of Words greater than 5 chars: 162 100
No. of Words greater than 6 chars: 126 80
No. of Words greater than 7 chars: 88 40
No. of Words greater than 8 chars: 58 20
Use of Passive Voice (%): 0 0
Avg. Sentence Length: 25.833 21.0
Sentence Length SD: 10.73 7.5
Use of Discourse Markers (%): 0.667 0.12
Sentence-Text Coherence: 0.321 0.35
Sentence-Para Coherence: 0.569 0.50
Sentence-Sentence Coherence: 0.14 0.07
Number of Paragraphs: 5 5
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 197, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...ined after the sanctuary status repeal, doesnt mean the two events were linked. There ...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 573, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[2]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'otters'' or 'otter's'?
Suggestion: otters'; otter's
...ausing more human interference into the otters habitat. Now, we must return to the ...
^^^^^^
Line 9, column 181, Rule ID: POSSESIVE_APOSTROPHE[1]
Message: Possible typo: apostrophe is missing. Did you mean 'regions'' or 'region's'?
Suggestion: regions'; region's
...ons. The evidence from the neighbouring regions sanctuary weakens the argument, by prov...
^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, first, firstly, hence, however, if, may, so, then, well
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 29.0 19.6327345309 148% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 17.0 12.9520958084 131% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 11.1786427146 72% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 13.6137724551 110% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 28.8173652695 97% => OK
Preposition: 52.0 55.5748502994 94% => OK
Nominalization: 17.0 16.3942115768 104% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2387.0 2260.96107784 106% => OK
No of words: 464.0 441.139720559 105% => OK
Chars per words: 5.14439655172 5.12650576532 100% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.64119157421 4.56307096286 102% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.77511820055 2.78398813304 100% => OK
Unique words: 243.0 204.123752495 119% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.523706896552 0.468620217663 112% => OK
syllable_count: 732.6 705.55239521 104% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.59920159681 100% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 8.0 4.96107784431 161% => OK
Article: 4.0 8.76447105788 46% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 2.70958083832 37% => OK
Conjunction: 5.0 1.67365269461 299% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 5.0 4.22255489022 118% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 22.8473053892 105% => OK
Sentence length SD: 57.9097109822 57.8364921388 100% => OK
Chars per sentence: 125.631578947 119.503703932 105% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.4210526316 23.324526521 105% => OK
Discourse Markers: 3.68421052632 5.70786347227 65% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 5.15768463074 97% => OK
Language errors: 3.0 5.25449101796 57% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 8.20758483034 37% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 6.0 6.88822355289 87% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 10.0 4.67664670659 214% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0806842756381 0.218282227539 37% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0331236288102 0.0743258471296 45% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0571122081039 0.0701772020484 81% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0454013211072 0.128457276422 35% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0388400685855 0.0628817314937 62% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.0 14.3799401198 104% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 47.12 48.3550499002 97% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.7 12.197005988 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.83 12.5979740519 102% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 9.18 8.32208582834 110% => OK
difficult_words: 128.0 98.500998004 130% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 14.0 12.3882235529 113% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 11.1389221557 104% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 83.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 5.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.