Based on the given materials, the article as well as the lecture discusses bees which are a type of insects. Based on the gathered structures of 200-milion-year-old fossilized trees in US, the structures have been built by bees. The author states that there are several arguments rejecting this claim. That being said, the lecturer provides several ideas to repudiate these arguments.
Initially, the author says that the earliest fossilized body of a bee is for 100 million years ago and there was not any earlier fossilized bee related to the structures. However, the lecturer explains that bees can be preserved in sticky liquid production of trees, named resin, and trees with this chemical component were rare in 200 million years ago. Thus, there might have existed bees in that era, but the trees were not able to produce resin.
Second, the writer proclaims that bees have dependent biological relationship with flowering plants, and there has not seen any flowering plant before 125 million years ago. Thus, it is impossible for bees to survive in 200 million years ago. Yet again, the speaker underscores that there were lots of unflowering plants in that period, such as fern and pantries. As a result, if bees had adapted to feed on such plants, they would have survived easily in those conditions.
The final point of contention between the reading and the listening passage is lacking details in the structures. The author believes that the spiral patterned chambers, which made by modern bees, differs from fossilized chambers. It leads an opinion that the mentioned chambers had been built by other insects. On the other hand, the speaker explains that modern bees build their chambers with an especial protective composition, which makes their nests resistant against water. Analyzing the composition of modern nests and fossilized structures, the experts found that compositions of two experimented structures are surprisingly the same.
- TPO 48 In recent years, many frog species around the world have declined in numbers or even gone extinct due to changes in their environment. These population declines and extinctions have serious consequences for the ecosystems in which frogs live; for e 88
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Governments should spend more money in support of the arts than in support of athletics such as state-sponsored Olympic teams. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 73
- TPO- 42 Glass is a favored building material for modern architecture, yet it is also very dangerous for wild birds. Because they often cannot distinguish between glass and open air, millions of birds are harmed every year when they try to fly through glas 80
- In 1938 an archaeologist in Iraq acquired a set of clay jars that had been excavated two years earlier by villagers constructing a railroad line. The vessel was about 2,200 years old. Each clay jar contained a copper cylinder surrounding an iron rod. The 76
- Burning mirror integrated essay 80
Transition Words or Phrases used:
but, however, if, second, thus, well, as to, such as, as a result, as well as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 14.0 10.4613686534 134% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 3.0 5.04856512141 59% => OK
Conjunction : 8.0 7.30242825607 110% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 35.0 30.3222958057 115% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1646.0 1373.03311258 120% => OK
No of words: 314.0 270.72406181 116% => OK
Chars per words: 5.24203821656 5.08290768461 103% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.20951839842 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.73644539372 2.5805825403 106% => OK
Unique words: 175.0 145.348785872 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.557324840764 0.540411800872 103% => OK
syllable_count: 488.7 419.366225166 117% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.6 1.55342163355 103% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 4.0 1.51434878587 264% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 1.0 2.5761589404 39% => More preposition wanted as sentence beginning.
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 19.0 21.2450331126 89% => OK
Sentence length SD: 37.3279385983 49.2860985944 76% => OK
Chars per sentence: 102.875 110.228320801 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 19.625 21.698381199 90% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.0 7.06452816374 85% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 10.0 4.27373068433 234% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.0752856930968 0.272083759551 28% => The similarity between the topic and the content is low.
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0267901287613 0.0996497079465 27% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0163898912309 0.0662205650399 25% => Sentences are similar to each other.
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0462704041475 0.162205337803 29% => Maybe some paragraphs are off the topic.
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0143753538011 0.0443174109184 32% => Paragraphs are similar to each other. Some content may get duplicated or it is not exactly right on the topic.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 13.1 13.3589403974 98% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.19 53.8541721854 97% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 10.7 11.0289183223 97% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 13.11 12.2367328918 107% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.8 8.42419426049 104% => OK
difficult_words: 84.0 63.6247240618 132% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 8.0 10.7273730684 75% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.6 10.498013245 91% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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It is not exactly right on the topic in the view of e-grader. Maybe there is a wrong essay topic.
Rates: 3.33333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 1.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.