Based on the given materials, the article as well as the lecture discusses carved stone balls, which are round-shaped and uniform-sized stone balls found in Scotland at the late Neolithic period. The author states that there are several viable theories regarding to the purpose of using carved stone balls. That being said, the lecturer provides several reasons to repudiate these theories.
Initially, the author says that since holding the stone balls at the end of the cord allowed Neolithic people to swing them easily, carved stone balls would have been used in hunting or fighting. However, the speaker explains that usual Neolithic weapons, such as arrowhead and had axes, have sign of wear on them, and based on experiments on cracks of carved stones, there are few or not any sign of wear on the surface of them. So, if these stone balls have been used in fighting or hunting, they should have such patterns.
Second, the writer proclaims that carved stone balls are uniform in size and this characteristic makes them sufficient for being a main part of a system of weights for measuring grain or other food's weights. Yet again, the lecturer underscores that carved stone balls were different in their densities, based on their components, such as sand, green stones and quartzes. Each of these components has not the same weight as well as their density differential, like differences between the weight of feathers and rocks. Thus, the carved stone balls could not be used as a measure for investigating the weights.
The final point of contention between the reading and the listening passage is social purposes of these stone balls. The writer thinks that the carved stone balls have complex patterns and would have been noticed as an essential social status. On the other hand, the speaker explains that the patterns of such stone balls were extremely simple to be an important status. Also, there were a belief between Neolithic people in which when high-ranked people died, they were buried with their possessions, though, there had not been found any carved stone balls in graves. So, these stone balls were not counted as personal possessions or status.
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- TPO-45 Integrated Writing Task 3
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 58, Rule ID: ADJECTIVE_IN_ATTRIBUTE[1]
Message: A more concise phrase may lose no meaning and sound more powerful.
Suggestion: uniform
...r proclaims that carved stone balls are uniform in size and this characteristic makes them suff...
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, however, if, regarding, second, so, thus, well, such as, as well as, on the other hand
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 18.0 10.4613686534 172% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 14.0 7.30242825607 192% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 24.0 22.412803532 107% => OK
Preposition: 41.0 30.3222958057 135% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1816.0 1373.03311258 132% => OK
No of words: 361.0 270.72406181 133% => OK
Chars per words: 5.03047091413 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.35889894354 4.04702891845 108% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.46357119185 2.5805825403 95% => OK
Unique words: 174.0 145.348785872 120% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.481994459834 0.540411800872 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 535.5 419.366225166 128% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 2.0 1.51434878587 132% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 24.0 21.2450331126 113% => OK
Sentence length SD: 49.5940856689 49.2860985944 101% => OK
Chars per sentence: 121.066666667 110.228320801 110% => OK
Words per sentence: 24.0666666667 21.698381199 111% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.13333333333 7.06452816374 87% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 3.0 4.33554083885 69% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.566786725483 0.272083759551 208% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.219167024871 0.0996497079465 220% => Sentence topic similarity is high.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.107690888936 0.0662205650399 163% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.364827930986 0.162205337803 225% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0367880256026 0.0443174109184 83% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 14.3 13.3589403974 107% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 55.58 53.8541721854 103% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 11.5 11.0289183223 104% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.19 12.2367328918 100% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.37 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 81.0 63.6247240618 127% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 10.5 10.7273730684 98% => OK
gunning_fog: 11.6 10.498013245 110% => OK
text_standard: 12.0 11.2008830022 107% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.