In this set of materials, the reading and the listening are both discussing the structures inside old fossilized trees wherein the reading states that the skeptics doubt that structures were created by bees and provides three arguments of support. However, the professor explains that the arguments presented by the author are weak and refutes each of the author's points.
First, the author of the reading claims that the only fossilized structure has been found 100 million years old not 200 million years old. The professor refutes this point by saying that fossil bees need a kind of resin to preserve. More than that, since there were no trees producing this kind of resin from 200 million years ago, the bees could not be preserved. Therefore, that does not mean that the bees did not exist at that time.
Secondly, the reading says that since the flowers did not exist 200 million years ago, there was doubt about the existence of bees. However, the professor explains that bees in 200 million years ago fed on non-flower trees such as pine or fern trees.
Finally, the reading states that the bee nests are closed by caps. Nevertheless, the fossilized structures lack this cap. The professor opposes this point by saying that there are some theories support that bees build the chambers without caps. Moreover, they use a water-proofing material as the same kind of material in the fossilized structures.
In conclusion, the three points made in the lecture contrast with the reading. The first, second and third points in the listening demonstrate that the structures were created by bees are in doubt. Additionally, both the writer and the lecturer hold conflicting views about these structures.
- do you agree or disagree with the following statement? professors are found in the university classrooms and libraries for doing research, not for appearing on TV. 76
- TOEFL T P O 47 - Integrated Writing Task 3
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All university students should be required to take history courses no matter what their field of study is. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 70
- TOEFL T P O 47 - Integrated Writing Task 3
- Many scientists believe it would be possible to maintain a permanent human presence on Mars or the Moon. On the other hand, conditions on Venus are so extreme and inhospitable that maintaining a human presence there would be impossible. First, atmospheric 73
Transition Words or Phrases used:
finally, first, however, moreover, nevertheless, second, secondly, so, therefore, third, in conclusion, kind of, such as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 11.0 10.4613686534 105% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 2.0 5.04856512141 40% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 22.0 22.412803532 98% => OK
Preposition: 32.0 30.3222958057 106% => OK
Nominalization: 1.0 5.01324503311 20% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1428.0 1373.03311258 104% => OK
No of words: 283.0 270.72406181 105% => OK
Chars per words: 5.04593639576 5.08290768461 99% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.10153676581 4.04702891845 101% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.52686498168 2.5805825403 98% => OK
Unique words: 138.0 145.348785872 95% => More unique words wanted.
Unique words percentage: 0.487632508834 0.540411800872 90% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 404.1 419.366225166 96% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 2.0 3.25607064018 61% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 43.995151248 49.2860985944 89% => OK
Chars per sentence: 95.2 110.228320801 86% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.8666666667 21.698381199 87% => OK
Discourse Markers: 8.0 7.06452816374 113% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 0.0 4.19205298013 0% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 1.0 4.33554083885 23% => More positive sentences wanted.
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.428421792472 0.272083759551 157% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.132647051166 0.0996497079465 133% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.11776099285 0.0662205650399 178% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.2249547702 0.162205337803 139% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.134973367409 0.0443174109184 305% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.8 13.3589403974 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 70.13 53.8541721854 130% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.9 11.0289183223 72% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 12.01 12.2367328918 98% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.37 8.42419426049 87% => OK
difficult_words: 51.0 63.6247240618 80% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.0 10.7273730684 121% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.