The ways to protect the trees from the infectious fungus called Phytophthora ramorum.
Recently, there's been a constant drumbeat over the discussion of the method used to protect a microscopic fungus called Phytophthora ramorum, or P. ramorum. This kind of fungus would cause a lot of harms to oak trees. There are three methods proposed to claim the protection effect; however, all of them are been disputed in the lecture due to being ineffective and not practical.
First of all, the way of cleaning shoes and bicycle trail is said to be an effective and economical way to stop the spread of the disease. Yet, this is refuted by the speaker because its' help is little. Since the spread of spores is not only by human tracks, but also by rainfall. The rain would pick up the spores and carry it elsewhere. Thus, simply cleaning one's shoe and bicycle is not so effective.
Secondly, although it posits that a few fungicidal chemicals could be used to help oak trees, this would only do the tricks when the number of infection is small. Because there would be a lot of workers needed to help inject the chemicals into the trees, it would be impractical if there are, say, thousands of ill trees. This method can only apply to a small-infection situation, and it's too expensive to force.
Lastly, the speaker argues that the practice of "clear-cutting" has its own limits. Obviously, even if one of the tree is infected, it doesn't mean that the surrounded trees are all infected. Cutting them all down is going to have greater ecological damage. For example, in the west United State, there are some rare species in the forest. This method, if applied, will have more bad's than good's.
In conclusion, the reading materials provide three methods to curb the spread of the fungus disease, yet they've all been refuted since the methods have limited effect and is impractical.
- Asteroids are large space objects made of rock and ice There are hundreds of thousands of asteroids in our solar system Though we often hear ideas about establishing colonies of humans to live and work on our Moon or our neighboring planet Mars some think 3
- The ways to protect the trees from the infectious fungus called Phytophthora ramorum. 80
- Some parents offer their school age children money for each high grade mark they get in school Do you think this is a good idea 70
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement It is more important for governments to spend money to improve Internet access than to improve public transportation Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 70
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement Famous entertainers and athletes deserve to have more privacy than they have now Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 75
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 11, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: there's
Recently, theres been a constant drumbeat over the discu...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 362, Rule ID: ONES[1]
Message: Did you mean 'one's'?
Suggestion: one's
...rry it elsewhere. Thus, simply cleaning ones shoe and bicycle is not so effective. ...
^^^^
Line 13, column 146, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...even if one of the tree is infected, it doesnt mean that the surrounded trees are all ...
^^^^^^
Line 17, column 106, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: they've
...b the spread of the fungus disease, yet theyve all been refuted since the methods have...
^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, first, however, if, lastly, second, secondly, so, thus, for example, in conclusion, kind of, first of all
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 22.0 10.4613686534 210% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 8.0 5.04856512141 158% => OK
Conjunction : 10.0 7.30242825607 137% => OK
Relative clauses : 4.0 12.0772626932 33% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 17.0 22.412803532 76% => OK
Preposition: 39.0 30.3222958057 129% => OK
Nominalization: 4.0 5.01324503311 80% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1504.0 1373.03311258 110% => OK
No of words: 311.0 270.72406181 115% => OK
Chars per words: 4.83601286174 5.08290768461 95% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.19942759058 4.04702891845 104% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.77732735073 2.5805825403 108% => OK
Unique words: 177.0 145.348785872 122% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.569131832797 0.540411800872 105% => OK
syllable_count: 453.6 419.366225166 108% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 4.0 8.23620309051 49% => OK
Subordination: 5.0 1.25165562914 399% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 4.0 1.51434878587 264% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 17.0 13.0662251656 130% => OK
Sentence length: 18.0 21.2450331126 85% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 43.5231315024 49.2860985944 88% => OK
Chars per sentence: 88.4705882353 110.228320801 80% => OK
Words per sentence: 18.2941176471 21.698381199 84% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.82352941176 7.06452816374 97% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 4.0 4.19205298013 95% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 5.0 4.33554083885 115% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 8.0 4.45695364238 179% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 4.0 4.27373068433 94% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.13660539831 0.272083759551 50% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0354638648566 0.0996497079465 36% => Sentence topic similarity is low.
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0688134406612 0.0662205650399 104% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0732828189579 0.162205337803 45% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0843856576532 0.0443174109184 190% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.5 13.3589403974 79% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 61.67 53.8541721854 115% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.79 12.2367328918 88% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.34 8.42419426049 99% => OK
difficult_words: 75.0 63.6247240618 118% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 9.2 10.498013245 88% => OK
text_standard: 11.0 11.2008830022 98% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 80.0 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 24.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.