阅读材料
In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States. Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to North America by European explorers known as the Norse, who traveled across the Atlantic Ocean and came into contact with Native Americans almost a thousand years ago.
However, some archaeologists believe that the coin is not a genuine piece of historical evidence but a historical fake; they think that the coin was placed at the site recently by someone who wanted to mislead the public. There are three main reasons why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine historical evidence.
Great Distance from Norse Settlements
First, the Native American site in Maine where the coin was discovered is located very far from other sites documenting a Norse presence in North America. Remains of Norse settlements have been discovered in far eastern Canada. The distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements.
No Other Coins Found
A second problem is that no other coins have been found at the Canadian sites that were inhabited by the Norse. This suggests that the Norse did not bring any silver coins with them to their North American settlements.
No Use for European Coins
Third, the Norse who traveled to North America would have understood that silver coins would most likely be useless to them. Silver coins may have been in wide use in Europe at the time, but the Norse, as experienced explorers, would have known that native North Americans did not recognize silver coins as money.
There is major concern about whether the silver coin found in a Native American archeological site is genuine historical evidence, which could help to prove the contact between Native Americans and the Norse. In the reading passage, the author argues that this is a fake evidence, while in the lecture, the speaker refutes each of the points the author make and suggest the opposite.
To begin with, the author points out that the where the coin is found is located really far away from the sites of Norse presence. Thus, they could not have came into contact with each other. On the contrary, the speaker refutes this idea because there are also a lot of things in Maine which doesn't come from anywhere near. This could indicate the fact that Native American traveled around and collected objects. In this way, the coin might suggest possible connection with the Norse before.
Next, the author believes that since there is no other coins found at the Norse site, they didn't bring the silver coins to their North American settlement. However, the speaker argues that this doesn't mean they didn't bring anything to other sites. Maybe they just go around and pack their belongings with them because it's only a short stay. The Norse could have brought all the coins to the settlement place and again, brought it back to their home.
Finally, the speaker refutes the idea in the reading passage that the Norse would not bring the silver coins due to its low value to other nations. Though this might be true, the speaker believes that the Norse would still bring the silver coins with them as they might be attractive to other nation. Also, the silver coins can be made into neckless and jewelry, which certainly are precious to the Native American.
In conclusion, the speaker defeats each of the author's ideas and tackle them one by one as it is seen above.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-07-19 | Zmx_6 | 85 | view |
| 2023-06-29 | YasamanEsml | 80 | view |
| 2023-06-27 | Vivian Chang | 76 | view |
| 2023-02-16 | reza_fattahi | 80 | view |
| 2022-11-25 | nikki07hung | 85 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 3, column 158, Rule ID: HAVE_PART_AGREEMENT[1]
Message: Use past participle here: 'come'.
Suggestion: come
...rse presence. Thus, they could not have came into contact with each other. On the co...
^^^^
Line 3, column 294, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
...are also a lot of things in Maine which doesnt come from anywhere near. This could ind...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 92, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: didn't
...her coins found at the Norse site, they didnt bring the silver coins to their North A...
^^^^^
Line 5, column 195, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: doesn't
.... However, the speaker argues that this doesnt mean they didnt bring anything to other...
^^^^^^
Line 5, column 212, Rule ID: EN_CONTRACTION_SPELLING
Message: Possible spelling mistake found
Suggestion: didn't
...eaker argues that this doesnt mean they didnt bring anything to other sites. Maybe th...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, finally, however, may, really, so, still, thus, while, in conclusion, on the contrary, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 12.0 10.4613686534 115% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 10.0 5.04856512141 198% => OK
Conjunction : 7.0 7.30242825607 96% => OK
Relative clauses : 11.0 12.0772626932 91% => OK
Pronoun: 28.0 22.412803532 125% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 43.0 30.3222958057 142% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1545.0 1373.03311258 113% => OK
No of words: 323.0 270.72406181 119% => OK
Chars per words: 4.78328173375 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.23936324884 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.09606897824 2.5805825403 81% => OK
Unique words: 156.0 145.348785872 107% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.482972136223 0.540411800872 89% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 465.3 419.366225166 111% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 3.0 3.25607064018 92% => OK
Article: 12.0 8.23620309051 146% => OK
Subordination: 2.0 1.25165562914 160% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 5.0 2.5761589404 194% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 15.0 13.0662251656 115% => OK
Sentence length: 21.0 21.2450331126 99% => OK
Sentence length SD: 38.4081009973 49.2860985944 78% => OK
Chars per sentence: 103.0 110.228320801 93% => OK
Words per sentence: 21.5333333333 21.698381199 99% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.06666666667 7.06452816374 100% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 5.0 4.19205298013 119% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 4.0 4.45695364238 90% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 7.0 4.27373068433 164% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.16497193132 0.272083759551 61% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0627616772603 0.0996497079465 63% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0633335440107 0.0662205650399 96% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0920352375375 0.162205337803 57% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0503676641066 0.0443174109184 114% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 11.8 13.3589403974 88% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 67.08 53.8541721854 125% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 9.1 11.0289183223 83% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.44 12.2367328918 85% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.02 8.42419426049 83% => OK
difficult_words: 48.0 63.6247240618 75% => More difficult words wanted.
linsear_write_formula: 13.5 10.7273730684 126% => OK
gunning_fog: 10.4 10.498013245 99% => OK
text_standard: 10.0 11.2008830022 89% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.