The reading and the lecture are both about wether Roman use a burning mirror to defend the Roman. The author of the passage feels that there are three possible explanations to demonstrate that the burning mirror is just a myth. The lecturer challenges these claims made by the author. She is of the opinion that these explanations are faulty.
To begin with, the author argues that the burning mirror is a complicated device with a sophisticated shape. Therefore, Greeks people were not able to make such a device with their technology development. This specific argument is challenged by the professor. She claims that ancient Greeks could build the big burning device by assembling many small pieces of sheets of copper. As a result, the manufactured problem was solved.
Secondly, the writer suggests that it needed a long time to fire the ships by using the burning mirror. The article said that with an object far from 30 meters, it took ten minutes to fire the boat using the concentrated Sun's rays. The lecturer, however, refutes this by mentioning that it is true that it took ten minutes to fire a boat made by woods. But the roman ships were not made just by woods. She points out that some parts of boats use the material named pitch, which catches fire in seconds. Accordingly, the fire would spread to the wood after it catches the pitch and quickly burns the boat.
Finally, the author points out that the Greeks probably used the flaming arrows instead of the burning mirror because they have the same effect on the boat, and the flaming arrow is much more straightforward. In contrast, the lecturer's position is that Roman soldiers were familiar with the flaming arrows, and they would quickly put out the fires if it came. Moreover, he notes that the Roman can not see the burning rays from the mirror. It would be much more surprising and, therefore, more effective than a flaming arrow.
- TOEFL T P O 47 Integrated Writing Task 3
- TPO 36 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement For the successful development of a country it is more important for a government to spend money on the education of very young children five to ten years old than to spend money on universities 79
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement The knowledge we gain from personal experiences is more valuable than the experience we gain from books Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 70
- Do you agree or disagree with the following statement Young people today have no influence on the important decisions that determine the future of society as a whole Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer 66
- TPO 47 Pterosaurs were an ancient group of winged reptiles that lived alongside the dinosaurs Many pterosaurs were very large some as large as a giraffe and with a wingspan of over 12 meters Paleontologists have long wondered whether large pterosaurs w 80
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 1, column 229, Rule ID: ENGLISH_WORD_REPEAT_BEGINNING_RULE
Message: Three successive sentences begin with the same word. Reword the sentence or use a thesaurus to find a synonym.
...that the burning mirror is just a myth. The lecturer challenges these claims made b...
^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
accordingly, but, finally, however, if, moreover, second, secondly, so, therefore, in contrast, as a result, it is true, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 15.0 10.4613686534 143% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 5.0 5.04856512141 99% => OK
Conjunction : 6.0 7.30242825607 82% => OK
Relative clauses : 14.0 12.0772626932 116% => OK
Pronoun: 31.0 22.412803532 138% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 36.0 30.3222958057 119% => OK
Nominalization: 3.0 5.01324503311 60% => More nominalizations (nouns with a suffix like: tion ment ence ance) wanted.
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1579.0 1373.03311258 115% => OK
No of words: 330.0 270.72406181 122% => OK
Chars per words: 4.78484848485 5.08290768461 94% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.26214759535 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.4747410843 2.5805825403 96% => OK
Unique words: 172.0 145.348785872 118% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.521212121212 0.540411800872 96% => OK
syllable_count: 477.0 419.366225166 114% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.4 1.55342163355 90% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 3.0 1.51434878587 198% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 13.0662251656 145% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 38.6785173039 49.2860985944 78% => OK
Chars per sentence: 83.1052631579 110.228320801 75% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.3684210526 21.698381199 80% => OK
Discourse Markers: 7.05263157895 7.06452816374 100% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 7.0 4.45695364238 157% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 8.0 4.27373068433 187% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.161110442615 0.272083759551 59% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0489074827763 0.0996497079465 49% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0456809083349 0.0662205650399 69% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.0997547622651 0.162205337803 61% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0350681602381 0.0443174109184 79% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 9.8 13.3589403974 73% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 71.14 53.8541721854 132% => OK
smog_index: 3.1 5.55761589404 56% => Smog_index is low.
flesch_kincaid_grade: 7.6 11.0289183223 69% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.15 12.2367328918 83% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.92 8.42419426049 94% => OK
difficult_words: 72.0 63.6247240618 113% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 8.0 11.2008830022 71% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 71.6666666667 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 21.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.