Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman's face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt.
First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear-yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects' clothing, would not have been guilty of such an inconsistency.
Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.
Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces of wood.
For these reasons the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt's paintings in the 1930s.
The reading passage states that whether all the paintings that are ascribed to the most famous seventeenth-century Dutch painter Rembrandt are actually painted by him or by someone else? To explain this an example of a Painting that was known as attributed to Rembrandt is taken into consideration. The speaker in the listening section disavows the reasons cited by the reading passage citing reasons that are summarized in the following three paragraphs.
Firstly, the reading passage mentions the inconsistency of the woman's dress potrayed in the painting. The dress comprised some elements that were worn by the servants, in this case the white linen cap and some elements like the luxurious coat with a fur collar which were worn by the blueblooded and patricians. The speaker argues that a panel of experts has limned after careful observation that the inconsistency in the painting is because the some parts of the painting were actually painted over an original painting. It was further verified by X-ray analysis that the additions to the original were made almost after 100 years of the original painting.
Secondly, the reading passage states that Rembrandt who was a master of potraying shades of light and shadow in his paintings won't possibly make such mistakes or lapses that are seen in this work of art. This is because the painting has a the face of the woman seemingly illuminated by something from the bottom yet the dark fur-collar looks completely out of place. A dark fur-collar would have resulted in a partially shadowed face. The speaker reasons that the panel after careful observation also found out that one of the augmentation that was made to the painting was that a fur-collar was added to the painting which was previously absent in the original painting possibly to increase the status of the painting. This explains the inconsistency of the light and shadow.
Finally, the reading passage states that the painting was found to be glued to multiple pieces of wood but Rembrandt always used to paint if single wood panels. The speaker argues that on careful observation by the researchers it was founs that original painting created on a single piece of wood and the later modification that were aimed to make the painting grand included addition of wood panels along the sides of the original painting. It was also found that the wood used for these additional panels matched with the wood of the single wood panel that was used to paint Rembrandt's own self potrait (with a hat) on.
Thus, the above arguments were made by the speaker to the reasons made by the reading passage.
| Post date | Users | Rates | Link to Content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-08-02 | nusybah | 73 | view |
| 2023-06-06 | YasamanEsml | 73 | view |
| 2023-06-06 | YasamanEsml | 70 | view |
| 2023-04-23 | Yam Kumar Oli | 70 | view |
| 2023-02-24 | Muggle | 80 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 2, column 446, Rule ID: THE_SOME_DAY[1]
Message: Did you mean 'same'?
Suggestion: same
...sistency in the painting is because the some parts of the painting were actually pai...
^^^^
Line 3, column 237, Rule ID: DT_DT[1]
Message: Maybe you need to remove one determiner so that only 'a' or 'the' is left.
Suggestion: a; the
...f art. This is because the painting has a the face of the woman seemingly illuminated...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
actually, also, but, finally, first, firstly, if, look, second, secondly, so, thus
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 25.0 10.4613686534 239% => Less to be verbs wanted.
Auxiliary verbs: 1.0 5.04856512141 20% => OK
Conjunction : 9.0 7.30242825607 123% => OK
Relative clauses : 23.0 12.0772626932 190% => OK
Pronoun: 31.0 22.412803532 138% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 66.0 30.3222958057 218% => Less preposition wanted.
Nominalization: 8.0 5.01324503311 160% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2175.0 1373.03311258 158% => OK
No of words: 439.0 270.72406181 162% => Less content wanted.
Chars per words: 4.95444191344 5.08290768461 97% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.57737117129 4.04702891845 113% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.69066306069 2.5805825403 104% => OK
Unique words: 189.0 145.348785872 130% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.430523917995 0.540411800872 80% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 667.8 419.366225166 159% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 4.0 3.25607064018 123% => OK
Article: 11.0 8.23620309051 134% => OK
Subordination: 0.0 1.25165562914 0% => More adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 2.0 2.5761589404 78% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 16.0 13.0662251656 122% => OK
Sentence length: 27.0 21.2450331126 127% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively long.
Sentence length SD: 65.0402519598 49.2860985944 132% => OK
Chars per sentence: 135.9375 110.228320801 123% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.4375 21.698381199 126% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.125 7.06452816374 73% => OK
Paragraphs: 5.0 4.09492273731 122% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 4.19205298013 48% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 4.0 4.33554083885 92% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 3.0 4.45695364238 67% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 9.0 4.27373068433 211% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.312821098271 0.272083759551 115% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.109993162305 0.0996497079465 110% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.120251318133 0.0662205650399 182% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.173682782331 0.162205337803 107% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.115474911225 0.0443174109184 261% => More connections among paragraphs wanted.
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.6 13.3589403974 117% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.53 53.8541721854 98% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.6 11.0289183223 114% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.73 12.2367328918 96% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.93 8.42419426049 94% => OK
difficult_words: 82.0 63.6247240618 129% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 11.0 10.7273730684 103% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 10.498013245 122% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.2008830022 116% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 73.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 22.0 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.